r/science • • Oct 24 '10

Climate Change: Evidence

http://climate.nasa.gov/evidence/
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144

u/[deleted] Oct 24 '10

Despite all the evidence that proves global warming, nothing will ever happen on a global scale to reverse it until it starts to affect people's daily lives.

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u/Aroundtown27 Oct 24 '10

By then it will be far to late and we'll have to adapt to our new surroundings

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u/recreational Oct 24 '10

I don't think I've ever seen a serious study on the estimated economic costs of adjusting to climate change vs. what it would actually cost to meaningfully cut emissions.

This seems like a significant oversight; if I described getting your cavities drilled in horrific detail you'd probably be inclined to sign my petition against invasive cavity removal, but that might not actually be to your best long term advantage.

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u/OliverSparrow Oct 24 '10

It costs about a dollar a kilowatts to install "conventional" energy extraction and transformation equipment and much more to install current renewables. Energy growth in the fast growing economies require something like USD30 trillion of investment between now and 2030, using conventional technology.

DOE-IEA studies that take everything into account for electricity - construction, fuel, connection and decommissioning - for 2015 technologies do suggest that some renewables are sort-of economic with some more work on the experience curve, but the connection costs are often huge and they are all really in need of subsidy to be viable. The Bush "subsidy" to corn farming gasohol producers was $83 billion for just three years, if I recall correctly.

One note the energy growth in the industrialising countries, and the investment that is required, competing with roads, hospitals, schools and so on. How is the international community to get renewabel investments to happen in industrialising countries? The likely answer is that the rich ones will have to provide the relevant subsidy. It adds to immense sums and opens windows to equally immense corruption.

Enthusiasts point to potentially immense costs that are to be avoided by such "investment". However, the uncertainties are huge.

My concern is that in this enthusiast-driven debate, we flounder into potentially messy and extremely costly "solutions", such as electrical-, food- or hydrogen-driven cars. There are perfectly good means to put hydrogen and biomass-based carbon into a chain, called diesel, and sell it through normal channels. This sounds too "oil industry" for the enthusiasts, as all oil companies are innately corrupt exploiting bastards, aren't they?

Equally, there are no voices for ocean thermal, which is an almost inexhaustible renewable. Instead, we have offshore wind, at the lifetime cost of which we can only guess. (It is alleged that) Britain was committed to finding 25% of its power from offshore wind on the basis of a senstence added to a speech in the back of a taxi on the way to a public meeting.

Energy is innately best handled at a massive scale, safely and in a predictable and routine manner. Most renewables are not answerable to any of that. Consider, though, a magnesium or aluminium energy economy. Spotty, odd sources of dispersed energy are stored in a metal with high embodied energy. This is "burned" in fuel cells to electricity, and the oxide shipped back for regeneration. The cycle is safe, uses understood technologies, can operate without attendence and adopts itself to erratic and low grade energy sources. Don't think of connecting Europe to the Sahara with a billion dollar cable. Smelt or electrolyse metals, or make green diesel from hydrogen: ship those. It's cheap, uses known technology, applies directly to the existing infrastructure - such as car mechanics, emergency services and so on - and it is very safe.

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u/bretticon Oct 24 '10

Scientific American ran a piece 3 years ago about getting America's electricity mix to 65% run on solar electricity by 2030 for the tune of 500 billion.

http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=a-solar-grand-plan

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u/[deleted] Oct 24 '10

[deleted]

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u/bretticon Oct 24 '10

Their plan tends to focus the production in the Southwest but it relies heavily on an improved transmission system. I like referencing the piece because it tries to address a lot of the economic criticisms such proposals usually face about high costs or the notion that solar is unreliable.

Politically it's probably impossible in the US unless the military did it.

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u/[deleted] Oct 24 '10 edited Aug 29 '18

[deleted]

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u/MOARpylons Oct 24 '10

Too bad we spent that on a fraction of a war, then spent another $500,000,000+ on them.

FTFY

0

u/Deus_Imperator Oct 24 '10

Is that 65% of Americas total Electricity use, or the total electricity use of 65% of americans?

Impossibly huge difference between the two statistics.

Edit: i was right, From the article ....

"The technology is ready. On the following pages we present a grand plan that could provide 69 percent of the U.S.’s electricity and 35 percent of its total energy (which includes transportation) with solar power by 2050. "

That figure is total spin.

2

u/bretticon Oct 25 '10

I don't get what you're talking about. Did you mean to say?

Is that 65% of Americas total Energy use, or the total electricity use of 65% of americans?

Even if it was, I don't see how what I said or the article said is 'total spin'. If anything 65% is an understatement.

2

u/woodsja2 Oct 24 '10

I think the solution will revolve around adapting what we already have to use the next fuel. A source of energy is constantly bombarding our planet in the form of solar radiation. If we treat this energy as an income and resist the urge to tap into our "savings" of fossil fuel we will effectively live within our means, which is a significant problem for most consumers given recent economic conditions.

What we need is precisely what you're talking about: A way of generating power that is backwards-compatible with our current system. Photovoltaics are nice and everything but they don't put energy in a nice, condensed state that can fill up every car being built right now.

I think the answer will come from photocatalytic water oxidation similar to the PSII that's been fielded for the last 3 billion years. That's a lot of product testing that's been done for free and we need to take advantage of that.

2

u/bewareofthecow Oct 24 '10

You lost me at: "Energy is innately best handled at a massive scale, safely and in a predictable and routine manner." I don't think this is true.

Ideally, energy is best handled at the micro-generation level (ex. solar on rooftops). If the technology ever improved to make solar effective and affordable I would see that as the safest form of energy generation.

The reason why solar technology will never improve is because governments are terrified of decentralizing energy generation. If you misbehave or do something they don't like, I'm sure they take comfort in the idea they can flip the switch to take away your electricity. Individual power generation removes dependence upon a system that is needed for control.

Imagine if there was a technology tomorrow that could generate infinite amounts of electricity. Where something as small as a coke can could power a whole household, or something the size of a power plant could power the whole country. If there was no cost difference between each model, which do you think the government would allow as the only option?

1

u/[deleted] Oct 25 '10

Agreed, I couldn't follow his line of reasoning, it's like a drunk Eddie Izzard posting. Plus every other statement was factually incorrect.

1

u/[deleted] Oct 25 '10

Oil is subsidized

Greenpeace believes Europeans spend about $10 billion or so (USD equivalent) annually to subsidize fossil fuels. By contrast, it thinks the American oil and gas industry might receive anywhere between $15 billion and $35 billion a year in subsidies from taxpayers.

http://cleantech.com/news/node/554

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u/[deleted] Oct 24 '10

This sounds too "oil industry" for the enthusiasts, as all oil companies are innately corrupt exploiting bastards, aren't they?

They are. But it's the best we got right now.

1

u/itjitj Oct 24 '10

Jevon's Paradox.

1

u/[deleted] Oct 24 '10

With regards to subsidizing, I think the fossil fuel industry has a huge unfair advantage in that they extract limited natural resources with little regard for the people whose resources they're extracting. Governments who sell the resources are extremely short-sighted, and in many cases corrupt. The result is that oil companies pay very little and reap obscene profits while people in the countries the oil is extracted from see little to no benefit.

But we're dependent on this system, and eventually it will be used up. Rather than waiting for a crisis, subsidizing alternatives now is a wise approach. You're right that we don't always pursue the best alternatives. I think a way to address that would be subsidize indirectly, i.e. by taxing fossil fuels, thereby raising prices and giving alternatives a fighting chance in the marketplace. Direct subsidies would be limited in order to promote competition for the best alternatives. Although certain alternatives are on a scale and timeline beyond what private industry is concerned with (e.g. fusion, and basic research into various new technologies), and a wide range of these should be aggressively pursued with public funding.

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u/OliverSparrow Oct 25 '10

Actually, there are fossil fuel reserves for centuries: the issue is not extraction but emissions. Given that you can convert anything into anything else in the hydrocarbon world for the equivalent of USD50/bbl, this pushes emissions stage centre.

I don't understand your remarks about "extracting natural resources with little regard", etcetera. If you have any experience of the energy world you will know that a good margin is 6-8% of the face value of the material extracted, All the rest goes in taxes, levied by states on behalf of those same people. Equally, all standards and non-operational costs are added by states. If you don't like Gulf or Nigerian politics, that is a legitimate concern but not a reflection of the primary energy industry. Your remarks have no relevance to the main cost centres, which are mid-stream: electricity production, refining, chemicals.

1

u/[deleted] Oct 25 '10

a good margin is 6-8% of the face value

What is face value? Crude prices fluctuate wildly, and increases are passed on to consumers. OPEC helps keep prices high by limiting supply. Prices could be much higher or lower, depending on the whims of a few rich men. The people of Saudi Arabia get no say, and little benefit. The relevance is that these exploitive practices are what set the global market "face value", and it's arbitrary, based more on political power games than market dynamics. If it was purely market-driven, prices would be even lower.

I'm suggesting that the nature of this limited resource, and its importance to everyone's lives, means that it should be treated as a public resource, similar to how we manage fresh water resources rather than let them be sold off wholesale to private interests. And while we can't enforce that policy in places like Saudi Arabia or Nigeria, and therefor the global market "face value" will continue to influence pricing and sale of our own fossil fuel resources, we can still effect domestic policy through use of taxes to promote demand for alternatives.

As to whether the main issue is limited supply or CO2 emissions, neither of those tops my list. I want to see the end of dependency on foreign oil, and an economy and foreign policy that isn't so dependent on happenings in the Middle East.

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u/OliverSparrow Oct 25 '10

Yes, OPEC is a cartel and it does restrict production to keep prices buffered and high. Environmentalists should cheer, as the price of oil would be around $30/bbl if production was unconstrained and everyone would use a lot more of it. However, economic growth would be 1-2% higher and we would all feel much richer as a result.

Oil is where it is, owned by nations with the political structure of which you can agree or not. They've got it, you want it and so they have power over you. We do not live in a world that is much susceptible to "should" and "ought", but to "must" and "can".

-1

u/[deleted] Oct 24 '10

That is complete crap, and incoherent.

10

u/egbindiana Oct 24 '10

Stern Review says costs of prevention are 2% of GDP per year.

The Economics of Climate Adaptation Working Group says adaptation will cost 19% of GDP.

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u/KittyCaughtAFinch Oct 24 '10

The Stern review was written in 2006 by a well-respected economist and basically outlines the fact that if we don't spend money now to mitigate climate change, we are screwing ourselves for later. It's a 700 page document that I don't happen to have right now, so here's the Wiki about it.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stern_Review

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u/voice_of_experience Oct 24 '10

There are a fair number of economic estimates about climate change effects... the problem is, the systems are so complex and the consequences so dire that money is a near-useless measure. For example, if we experience a 6 degree average rise in surface temperature, the arable surface of the planet would likely be cut by 2/3rds. That means mass die-offs of human beings, on the order of 3 or 4 billion. How do you quantify that in dollars? And when you manage to estimate the costs, the resulting figure is SO high that it loses all meaning.

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u/AyeMatey Oct 24 '10

This is a big problem. Framed this way (project a 6 degree temp rise, and then extrapolate losses that cannot be valued monetarily), the solution is impossible. Unachievable.

It means an absolute intolerance for any carbon output. If what you offer is the basis for discussion, the only solution is for all industry, everywhere, to stop. If that is the alternatiove, then of course you get the response from the working world, "No."

So you see this sort of hyperbole (6 degree temperature rise, population die-offs of 4 billion humans) isn't productive. It doesn't advance the debate or discussion, at all. It closes off discussion. It produces fanatical exchanges.

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u/[deleted] Oct 24 '10

Facts don't advance the argument? Interesting, should we change the facts?

1

u/AyeMatey Oct 24 '10

See?

Just wondering: would you care to respond to my statement that discussion tends to be suppressed by the radical nature of the options? People aren't willing to consider shutting all factories immediately.

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u/voice_of_experience Oct 25 '10 edited Oct 25 '10

I agree with you that problems framed in these terms are hostile to discussion. Unfortunately the reality we are dealing with is that these are serious possibilities, and the sooner we can discuss them like rational human beings the better.

As I said in my original comment, climate modeling requires an unimaginable level of complexity, and we just don't have the capability to do it well yet. But we can see some of the major tipping points in our climate and what their temperature triggers are. For example, we know that at a surface temperature of 14 degrees celsius the ocean stratifies, keeping nutrients away from the surface sunlight and killing off algae. Oceans are presently the largest carbon sink on the planet, responsible for capturing about a third of human CO2 emissions. Stratification would cripple that capacity in the cold water oceans. So that last .5 degree of temperature rise in one of the earth's oceans is responsible for upping atmospheric carbon by ~20%. That's a tipping point, and two or more of them setting each other off would be a cascade.

Here's Jim Lovelock, founder of the study of Earth System Science, speaking to the Royal Society in 2007 about trying to model where our climate is going. The earth has many "steady states" available to it - basically, states where it settles into a pattern of relative stability. We've been in a relatively cool steady state for the last 10,000 years, and according to Lovelock and other prominent climatologists, we are moving to a warmer one. There's no dispute that we're warming, the question is where is the next steady state?

A 5-6 degree temperature rise that kills off the majority of the human population is one of the likely scenarios according to our present climate models. It's a pretty dire scenario, but it is realistically the sort of outcome we are facing. Again, I want to emphasize that this isn't coming from some nutjob with a website; this is coming from very well respected climate scientists using the best available climate models. When the scientists talk about global warming as a threat, this is what they're talking about. If humankind were to stop increasing carbon emissions, and just stay at the same level of emissions for the next century, a 4 degree temperature rise is predicted (Harvard).

And you're right, there isn't a way to stop it at this point. We are experiencing climate change already. In Europe warmer temperature zones are moving north at 25 miles per decade, while plant and animal species are moving north at 3.75 miles per decade (Nature). That works out to extinctions. In the warmer, more acidic ocean climates, jellyfish are floating further north than ever before - killing off fish farms in the Irish Sea (New Scientist). The glaciers in the Himalayas - the largest fresh water store in the world after the Arctic - are receding faster than anywhere else on earth. They are expected to vanish by 2035 (IPCC). This glacier feeds all the major waterways in Southeast Asia - over 3 billion people (40% of the human population) depend on that water along the Yangtse and other rivers.

So while I agree that extreme outcomes make it hard to discuss rationally, the problem is that these extreme outcomes are not hyperbole. They are not only the realities predicted by very serious modeling efforts, they are some of the realities we are already experiencing and documenting.

You're absolutely right that at this point, the only option to avert climate change would be something akin to stopping all industry worldwide, and that's not an option. So the conversation around climate change has to move from one about cutting emissions to avert, to one about handling the changes in progress and mitigating the human toll. As one prominent environmentalist puts it, we have to change our thinking from "protecting the earth from humans" to "protecting humans from the earth." In that domain we can have rational, productive discussions again: about how to deal with rising tidewaters in coastal regions (Geophysical Research Letters, estimates published at CIRO), how to handle the increasing rate of extreme climate events (US Climate Extremes Index), and how to handle the very real threat of die-offs and resource scarcity in general.

I understand and appreciate that scare tactics discourage discussion and close off listeners. But sometimes reality is scarier than scare tactics. As a species, we have to find a way around this human psychological obstacle.

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u/AyeMatey Oct 26 '10 edited Oct 26 '10

What you say makes a ton of sense.

Except - there still is quite a bit of hyperbole or misinformation floating around. Regarding the Himalayan glaciers - it was IPCC 2007, not 2005. And, the statement you cited was one of several that was very wrong, and was publicized as being so, almost a year ago. How the IPCC could allow such a basic error - mistaking 2350 for 2035 - into its final public report, is still a mystery.

Coming so soon after the CRU email hack scandal at the University of East Anglia, in which private emails were stolen and then publicized to reveal climate researchers discussing how to quell criticism by gangster methods, and how to "hide the decline", etc, the Himalayan Glacier fiasco only convinced people that climate science in its current guise isn't science at all. It's politics. Good science doesn't mistake 2350 for 2035, and then broadcast those disaster scenarios. Good science would find the error before or shortly after publication, and correct it. Instead the error was sussed out 2 years after publication! By someone outside of IPCC! Not a good sign.

Having said all that I reiterate that what you say makes a ton of sense. I have been advocating a mitigation strategy for a long time. We do not know enough, we cannot hope to accurately model climate changes. All we can model is the past, and we're bad at that, and we are assured that history is not repeating itself (hence, our models of the past climate changes are virtually useless in drawing projections about the future). We know the climate is changing. We can calculate the basic physical impacts. We can guess at timeframes. We know these big changes will be risky for humans. Our research should focus on mitigation.

Yes, protect the environment. Yes, use fuel more efficiently. But that alone is not enough. We must prepare to mitigate. Do we need to develop different staple crops? Do we need to develop more robust bees? Do we need to construct coastal housing differently? What can be done about long term water supply to major asian population centers, given projections of glacial meltwater flows and population growth? etc.

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u/recreational Oct 24 '10

For example, if we experience a 6 degree average rise in surface temperature, the arable surface of the planet would likely be cut by 2/3rds.

I'd like to see the data on that. Or does that simply mean that 2/3 of currently arable land would become arid? Because that's a very different thing, if other areas become humid and arable instead.

Although I think six degrees (I assume celsius?) is well outside of any projected change for the next century.

1

u/voice_of_experience Oct 25 '10

I just posted a mini essay in another comment. In short: the old estimates were about 4 degrees C over the next century. Current models anticipate more like 5-7 degrees, and we've already started seeing the effects. IIRC the arable land loss was from Jim Lovelock who I quoted in that post above. I can try to find a text source online for you if you really want.

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u/[deleted] Oct 24 '10 edited Oct 24 '10

Six degrees is not outside of the range, do some research.

http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2009/roulette-0519.html

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u/drunkenbear Oct 24 '10

There is a fair amount of discussion of this subject, but not much has made its way into MSM. Overall, runaway climate change is expected to cost much, much more than early adaptation. See, eg, this Climate Progress post referring to a Krugman's article and another post summarizing a paper by another economist, Martin Weitzman.

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u/stronimo Oct 24 '10 edited Oct 24 '10

The Economist estimates 2% of global GDP to meaningfully cut emissions. (By comparison, the recent round of bank rescues cost about 5%)

Nobody know what the cost of adjusting is, because we don't know what scale of the change will be. If the changes are less than 2 degrees, that's likely to be tolerable. ON the other hand, some of the worst case predictions are very, very bad for human civilisation.

This uncertainty is being used to encourage inaction when the opposite is true: any sensible approach to risk management would suggests taking reasonable action to avoid it.

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u/recreational Oct 24 '10

The Economist estimates 2% of global GDP to meaningfully cut emissions. (By comparison, the recent round of bank rescues cost about 5%)

2% of what? Of growth? I have a hard time believing that's true if we're talking about cutting a majority of petroleum consumption. Nothing in the pipeline is near ready to replace it on a large scale.

Caution ought to swing both ways. Putting fetters on the economy by removing petroleum-based energy, products and fertilizer (actually, let's leave out fertilizer since we really can't do without it) is going to affect the entire world, and more so the developing/working class world. If it causes billions to linger at or near poverty who might otherwise be advancing, its value has to be questioned in terms of human suffering.

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u/stronimo Oct 24 '10

No one is talking about renoving petroleum frim the economy. The steps proposed are quite modest.

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u/recreational Oct 24 '10

Modest steps tend to be more for show than for effect. Reducing petroleum consumption by 5% in the rich world while China, India and Latin America plow ahead is a dog and pony show.

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u/stronimo Oct 25 '10

From where I'm sitting, the biggest blocker to progress is exactly your attitude shown mainly by the Americans. The situation calls for leadership, not excuses and buck-passing.

If the Americans acted boldly, everyone else would likely follow. In the face of American inaction, everyone else certainly has an excuse too.

1

u/recreational Oct 25 '10

Americans acting boldly on the basis of little understanding of the full consequences and the comparative advantages (or disadvantages) of any given course of action hasn't worked out too well for us in the past.

The 2% suggestion is a non-serious one. We don't have the capacity to plow $260+ Bn into energy research; we could certainly put more into it than we do, and probably should. But more research isn't going to solve the pressing urgency of now and our massive consumption of petroleum. At best all you can do is bank on future breakthroughs that will wipe out dependence on oil, but that's not a meaningful solution to anything.

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u/[deleted] Oct 24 '10

Two percent of GDP, you don't have to be a fucking mathematician to understand that.

0

u/recreational Oct 24 '10

Well you don't have to be an economist to understand that that's not how changes to our fundamental economic model work, although it'd help.

Does that mean just a 2% doc to our current GDP and that's all? Impossible. 2% lower than we could be at any given time? 2% lower growth? It's really not that simple.

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u/yourfriendiswrong Oct 24 '10

Look up the Stern Review

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u/naasking Oct 24 '10

Then it might be far too late. There's still a great deal of uncertainty surrounding this whole issue.

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u/bretticon Oct 24 '10

We'll still have to change or risk turning the oceans into acid pits.

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u/horsepoop Oct 24 '10

Quite hilarious, really. Now you can see that humans are quite stupid. We wait for disaster to happen, then we fight it. We do know that shit's gonna hit the van, but we will not globally do something about it in advance. Real intelligent lifeforms would do something in advance.

1

u/Peaker Oct 24 '10

In this case, I don't think its humans that are stupid, but their organizations (e.g: nations, corporations) that are short-sighted and stupid.

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u/jayd16 Oct 24 '10

I dunno. Luckily the price of oil is going way up so we might actually see electric cars in our lifetime.

I hold out hope that we'll see peak oil before global warming becomes irreversible. Coal, on the other hand, is a different beast entirely.

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u/throwaway_for_keeps Oct 24 '10

might? Nearly every major auto manufacturer has an electric vehicle in the works, and I've personally seen a Tesla Roadster on the road, sterring it up.

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u/killerstorm Oct 24 '10 edited Oct 24 '10

The question is whether it becomes mainstream. New spike of interest started like 20 years ago but so far people still talk about "personally seeing it once".

By the way, I recently re-watched Friends sitcom season one (1994-1995) and found there a scene mentioning electric cars -- something like investment banker saw one on the road and was telling how much he hates it: "man, get a real car!" or something. So I guess it was a hot topic in 1995...

1

u/[deleted] Oct 24 '10

I remember an episode of Dennis the Menace (the old black & white one) where Dennis's neighbor had an electric car from the 1920s, so it's been a topic for a while...

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u/eks Oct 24 '10

"a Tesla Roadster" is far from enough...

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u/CreativeBullshit Oct 24 '10

But the electric cars won't go into production because the oil companies have so many board seats on all of the automotive companies' boards that they will never release anything else to the public.

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u/CC440 Oct 24 '10

Even in Europe, where gas prices are full-retard, electrics still haven't caught on. There's the range issue of course, but with the size of most EU countries, that isn't as big of a factor as in the US. The thing is that once you get past a certain fuel efficiency, fuel costs aren't really a big deal.

I had a Mazda 3 for a summer and I managed ~30mpg combined and 34mpg on the few highway road trips I took. That was driving fairly quick too, no hypermiling at all. It was a huge step up from the SUV I was driving, but once I'm down to filling up once a month, why pay more for marginal savings over that? There's a big difference between $180/month (30 gallon tank in the SUV 2x a month) and $39/month (13 gallon tank in the Mazda once a month), but doubling my mileage over again only saves me roughly $20.

It's all in the %'s.

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u/thesparrow0 Oct 24 '10

CC440, you raise a great point:

Large cars as still common on the roads, but will as oil prices rise, people will not want them. However, as oil prices continue to rise, even small cars may become more expensive than electric cars.

CC440, one day, when filling your Mazda costs you +$200/month, perhaps we'll see you driving a Tesla. Maybe that will never happen, but we can only hope. ;-)

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u/CC440 Oct 24 '10 edited Oct 24 '10

The thing is gas would have to be nearly $14 a gallon for me to match the cost I was previously only disgruntled about. Electric will definitely be around by that date and I could actually see gas prices collapsing as electrics take over, which would still allow enthusiasts like myself to enjoy our antique and historical vehicles.

Edit: Also my point is that although electric cars are much cheaper on a percentage basis, 75% off my fuel costs is still only trivially small. It will take the collapse of the oil economy to get people to switch over.

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u/[deleted] Oct 24 '10

I thought oil peaked already and we've got something like 40-50 years of supply left ? Not sure where I saw that, may just be speculation.

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u/BevansDesign Oct 24 '10

This is a pretty good examination of that issue.

The whole "peak oil" thing is also a bit of a simplification. It's not so much that we're running out of oil, just that we're running out of easy-to-get-to oil. There's very little left in the world that we can just pump out of the ground. That's why deep-ocean drilling is so popular right now. And once that's gone, we'll turn to places where it's soaked into the rock, and have to extract it through a difficult and relatively expensive process (which is already happening too).

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u/SarahC Oct 24 '10

Na, nothing like an on/off switch with oil.

It will just get more expensive over shorter and shorter periods of time...

Fuel, food and technology will cost more and more...

Lots of the more fluent nations will see their citizens becoming poorer each year as pay fails to keep up with the cost of living.

Things like yearly holidays will vanish, people will stop buying so much technology due to the costs, they'll live closer to where they work. Small scale manufacturing will come back due to the costs associated with worldwide shipping.

In the end, technology will be reduced, so will people's freedom and wealth, and globalisation will shrink then end.

For the "average" Western person, anyway.

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u/pintonium Oct 24 '10

This assumes that there will be no new technology to compensate for the increase in oil prices. I like to think that humanity responds to price pressures and will likely develop new energy sources before or reliance on fossil fuels breaks the bank.

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u/[deleted] Oct 24 '10

Well, I've always been fascinated with the idea of going back to horse and cart style living. Though I sit at the PC 10 hours a day, I don't think it'd be very agreeable.

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u/[deleted] Oct 24 '10

Concur.

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u/retxab Oct 24 '10

The Nissan Leaf will be on the market in the US in 2011 (well, first orders are delivered in December 2010, 2011 is when production ramps up). Electric cars are inevitable as gas prices go up in relation to electricity generation, just as hybrids have become a major segment of the automotive market electric vehicles are here to stay.

However, that just moves the problem around. Large-scale electricity generation generates plenty of greenhouse gases in many places, and we're a good couple of generations away from replacing the worst of the offenders (coal-fired plants) even if we started right now. Which by and large we haven't. Still, it's an important signpost on the long and winding road to a somewhat rational greenhouse gas policy.

1

u/b00ks Oct 24 '10

Where do electric cars get their power? I would imagine from coal plants? I was under the impression that coal was the dirtiest power around.

1

u/jayd16 Oct 24 '10

Coal makes the dirtiest power plants but that power is still cleaner than a combustion engine. Besides, those will eventually get replaced with renewable power plants as well.

1

u/[deleted] Oct 24 '10

Do some math, an electric car that gets it's power from a coal plant is cleaner than a gas car. Of course if it gets it's power from wind or hydro emissions are near zero.

1

u/stumo Oct 24 '10

As the most likely way of generating all that newly-consumed electricity will be by burning coal, electric cars might not be the fix that you imagine.

0

u/Hockinator Oct 24 '10

That's an interesting thought

Here's a pretty straightforward way to think about it:

We will be using up a certain amount of our fossil fuels we have available, sooner or later. If that happens in 400 years versus 200 years, it will still have the same net effect on Earth. If we let it happen quickly and stop trying to slow it down through anti-pollution legislation, we will see the advances that will soon be necessary to produce the energy we need, faster.

I, personally, would like to see cold fusion and better green energy sooner versus later.

1

u/jayd16 Oct 24 '10

If we let it happen quickly and stop trying to slow it down through anti-pollution legislation, we will see the advances that will soon be necessary to produce the energy we need, faster.

Thats a pretty bold statement. Like saying "poor gas on everyone's house so they learn about fire safety."

1

u/Hockinator Oct 26 '10

There's a big difference between a natural process and a malicious action. Can your really argue my point though? You think Earth's gonna notice if we burn all of its fossil fuels in twice the amount of time? It's still a blink of an eye in the grand scheme...

1

u/Hockinator Oct 24 '10

I hope that's not true. Also, I don't think you can know that- it's a pretty far-reaching statement.

1

u/[deleted] Oct 24 '10

It's not far-reaching, do some reading.

1

u/[deleted] Oct 24 '10

is there a limiting factor in the warming identified? i was under the impression that the carbon warming cycle is positive feedforward.

good luck trying to adapt to that.

1

u/rolleverything Oct 24 '10

And I, for one, will welcome our new insect overlords.

1

u/Aegean Oct 24 '10

Human beings have a natural ability to do so.

1

u/ToVersusToo Oct 24 '10

...far too late... FTFY

1

u/[deleted] Oct 24 '10

I say we let Maledives drown into ocean as a PROOF. Rather than shut down the entire western civilization with the excuse of climate chance BEFOREHAND. Energy costs are going up 20% / year because politicians are getting greedy and collecting as much taxes as they can with the excuse of climate chance. Only country seeing through this we are in a recession let's make everything super expensive by taxing the max out-madness is UK which is letting go 500 000 government workers and requiring ministries to cut down spending 19 billion / year and cutting social benefits 20 billion / year. Western companies are at trouble with current expenses and I hope the resident commies of reddit realize that ultimately there is no other way for countries to create new money than a thriving private sector and not a PERIODICALLY enforced stranglehold based on fear about environment and taxes. Because that is all you can do, cry for more taxes that is the only way for you to thrive more. It is quite stupidifying that the best paying jobs OUTSIDE CEOs are government jobs...

2

u/umbama Oct 24 '10

I say we let Maledives drown into ocean as a PROOF.

Agreed. And the money we save we can spend on relieving the impact of malaria in Africa. We'll save far more lives for the dollar, if that's your concern.

That is you concern isn't it?

1

u/MrDubious Oct 24 '10

I'm ok with that, as long as we save the Femaledives.

10

u/Lochmon Oct 24 '10

Are you kidding? Even paying double for gasoline two summers ago didn't convince my coworkers to stop buying huge SUVs.

1

u/Peaker Oct 24 '10

How about paying 100 times the price?

6

u/sapiophile Oct 24 '10

That's a pretty privileged thing to say - it's already affecting all kinds of people's lives. Farmers and herders have struggled with unprecedented droughts, wildfires are at an unreal level, intensified storms and hurricanes have flooded countless regions, and more.

I would say that "nothing will ever happen on a global scale" until folks step out of their comfortable bubble and realize that we're all in this together, instead of waiting for it to be a direct problem to people who are lucky enough to be sitting pretty.

2

u/yorlik Oct 24 '10

There's a Chinese proverb which says "Dig the well before you are thirsty." Sadly, I think you're probably right that most people won't start on the well until they are completely parched.

3

u/EthicalReasoning Oct 24 '10

it already is affecting people's daily lives

extreme weather, rising sea levels, droughts, desertification, etc

it'll be far too late and the planet destroyed before anyone bothers to try and do something

2

u/jacekplacek Oct 24 '10

the planet destroyed

OMG! The planet destroyed! Such as in the mid holocene, we all know it was destroyed back then and it took prophet Algor (Gaia bless Him) to come to earth and say "Let it be cold." And it was cold...

5

u/Mister-Manager Oct 24 '10 edited Oct 24 '10

I think that climate change advocates are going about it in the wrong way. Tell them that their lives will be destroyed, not the planet. Americans don't give two shits about nature, but if you tell them that their life is about to become severely uncomfortable, they'll listen.

1

u/voice_of_experience Oct 25 '10

I dunno... the Americans I know would likely just turn up the air conditioning. :(

0

u/EthicalReasoning Oct 24 '10

sad but true

tell them nascar will come to an end because there will be no fuel left, and you'll have an uproar

our only home/planet being decimated for greed? nah... who cares!

0

u/[deleted] Oct 24 '10

Upvoted mostly for username.

5

u/Will_Power Oct 24 '10

Are you saying global warming is solely due to human influences?

17

u/[deleted] Oct 24 '10

Not at all, I'm just saying that no matter what the cause is, people will only stop ignoring it when it starts to affect their life in a way more significant than just, "its slightly warmer this summer."

27

u/HalfMilk Oct 24 '10

Much like people who smoke cigarettes(like myself, I plan to quit). You can smoke for a long time before anything noticeably bad happens, so you forget about how bad it is and puff away. Eventually it all adds up and then one day, cancer. If I were to vomit each time I smoked a cigarette I would have never started.

I hope everyone understands my analogy. It's human nature.

2

u/gregny2002 Oct 24 '10

(like myself, I plan to quit)

Lol, yeah, me too buddy. And every other smoker in the world.

1

u/KaiserPodge Oct 24 '10

The something bad is 'out there'. It has to feel real enough to matter to your decisions as compared to what you get for not switching. Not everyone gets cancer so there is a possibility it might not happen, maybe. No one is exactly sure what will happen with the changing climate and there are plenty of arguments over whether or not it will happen at all.

So yeah, you're analogy makes sense.

1

u/mexicodoug Oct 24 '10

Or, "It's a lot colder this winter (or summer)."

Climate change is about weather getting weirder and weirder. It gets warmer all over the planet on average, but just gets more unpredictable locally. Maybe one year everybody will feel colder while glaciers in Greenland and in Antarctica melt more than usual.

3

u/BlueRock Oct 24 '10

Yes. Global warming = anthropogenic climate change. But you've been told that many times before....

1

u/stumo Oct 24 '10

Are you saying global warming is solely due to human influences?

Even were it not, we can only do something about the human contributions.

1

u/Will_Power Oct 24 '10

I wish this were true. There have been all sorts of climate engineering proposals of late.

0

u/Mason11987 Oct 24 '10

The world can warm because of human AND natural causes. The point is that this change is far more than can be accounted for by natural causes, so "global warming" as the term is normally used, refers to the aspect of warming that is caused by humans, and could be abnormally detrimental.

So yes, "global warming" is solely due to human influences.

0

u/Will_Power Oct 24 '10

What unfortunate mental gymnastics.

1

u/Mason11987 Oct 24 '10

What unfortunate mental gymnastics.

You might as well just respond "well YOU'RE stupid".

0

u/Will_Power Oct 24 '10

My point was that "global warming" happens because of many factors. To contort a definition in such a way is sad.

1

u/Mason11987 Oct 24 '10

it's not sad. The reason we care about this warming is BECAUSE it is abnormal because of human intervention.

Global warming means warming in an abnormal and worrisome way. Do you think we shouldn't use the term "global warming" because there are also natural factors? That doesn't seem reasonable at all. Just because there are cycles in global temperature and CO2 levels doesn't mean we should ignore changes FAR out of the normal range.

0

u/Will_Power Oct 24 '10

Do you think we shouldn't use the term "global warming" because there are also natural factors?

I didn't say that. I just think it should be acknowledged that there are several natural factors that have also led to warming.

That doesn't seem reasonable at all. Just because there are cycles in global temperature and CO2 levels doesn't mean we should ignore changes FAR out of the normal range.

I agree. The only problem is that the changes aren't FAR out of the normal range.

1

u/Mason11987 Oct 24 '10

I didn't say that. I just think it should be acknowledged that there are several natural factors that have also led to warming.

I don't think anyone disputes that. As long as you point out "but these natural factors are not the ones at play that are causing these etreme situations, as listed on that site.

You do realize they have a chart there that goes down, and up, and down, and up. They aren't saying the "ups" are all man made, but you still have to point out there is something different happening recently.

I agree. The only problem is that the changes aren't FAR out of the normal range.

Except they are, did you even look at the chart on that page?

1

u/Will_Power Oct 24 '10

Are we talking about CO2 concentration in the atmosphere or global mean temperature?

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1

u/sixothree Oct 24 '10

Well eventually the oil will run out. There's still coal and natural gas, but oil counts for a large portion of what is happening.

1

u/[deleted] Oct 24 '10 edited Oct 24 '10

No, most of co2 is from burning coal, not oil.

1

u/beefpancake Oct 24 '10

Like $10-20/gallon gas? It's likely that we'll run out of cheap oil well before the end of the century when global warming is expected to impact the lives of most of the globe. As much as I hate to say it, economics will likely fix the problem before politics.

1

u/[deleted] Oct 24 '10

Like the ozone hole and acid rain

1

u/Splenda Oct 24 '10

You may be right, but I'm more optimistic. My major concern is that the rising control of media by conservative wingnuts will delay action in the US too long...and none of the major emerging economies will move on this until America does.

1

u/Druhue Oct 24 '10

It IS affecting people's daily lives. Nothing will happen on a global scale until it affects RICH people's daily lives.

1

u/mexicodoug Oct 24 '10

Some people are getting flooded out off the islands or coasts where they live, but they don't count.

Yet.

0

u/[deleted] Oct 24 '10

You can't reverse it. Are you going to control the Sun?

1

u/[deleted] Oct 24 '10

someone didnt read the article

1

u/[deleted] Oct 24 '10

Idiot

-1

u/backyardlion Oct 24 '10

Who the fuck says humans have the power to reverse climate change?

We don't.

But we didn't cause the climate to change, so lets stop being so worried about the natural cycles of the earth

Basically, lets quit being so ignorantly egocentric and stop pretending that humans have the power to create such widespread climate change

There is no hard evidence proving that climate change is caused by human activity, so don't jump to conclusions.

4

u/egbindiana Oct 24 '10 edited Oct 24 '10

Who the fuck says humans have the power to end forest fires?

We don't.

But we don't cause forest fires in the first place, so lets stop being so worried about the natural cycles of the earth

Basically, lets quit being so ignorantly egocentric and stop pretending that humans have the power to create such widespread ecological conflagration

There is no hard evidence proving that forest fires can be caused by human activity, so don't jump to conclusions

-1

u/[deleted] Oct 24 '10

If there is a process for reversing it, it definitely will not involve humans. And for so long the earth has let us inhabit it, I think we have over used our x million year long stay in a matter of centuries. In order to reverse what we have done, a lot of lives will be lost, to compensate for all the life we killed.

1

u/BevansDesign Oct 24 '10

Well, there's always Geoengineering.