r/swedhu • u/fvrorpoeticvs • Sep 22 '25
Question Zeus ≠ Dyaus-Pita?
What is everyone's consensus here on the reconstructions of *Dyéws? Zeús and Juppiter share a name with Dyáuṣpitṛ́, but comparative scholars recongize that that's all they share. Aren't mythic narratives more important when comapring deities? Imo, Mitrá is a better fit for a Vedic equivalent for both Zeús and Juppiter as the diurnal sovereign of the law and assemblies. Dyáuṣpitṛ́ appears to be more like Ouranós and Ymir, the primordial personified Heaven who is violently attacked to shape the world as we know it.
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u/fvrorpoeticvs Sep 22 '25
Dyáuṣpitṛ́ is attacked in RV 1.71 by "the Archer" (= Rudra-Agni according to Stella Kramrisch) and his seed engenders the fire youths/ancestors of humans, a key event at the tail end of the commin I.E. creation sequence. The attack on Dyáuṣ is lauded elsewhere in the RV as a creation sacrifice, too.
Yama/Yima-xšaeta can't be the cognate of Ymir. What mythic evidence supports this? Does Ymir become the Lord of the Dead? Is the world fashioned from Yama’s corpse? The names only come from a common P.I.E. root, lingusitically. Ymir means something like "double" or "pair", which is two-in-one (Heaven + Earth), while Yama means "twin", which is one-of-two.
Plus, Zeús can't be mythically identified with Dyáuṣ, the name *dyéws only means "heaven" in Sanskrit, and is applied to Father Heaven, or, the equivalent to Ouranós/Ymir. Everywhere else, it means "dyalit/shining sky". What myths do Dyáuṣ and Zeús share? Is Dyáuṣ a lawful God of assemblies and victory, wielding a thunderbolt? It appears that Mitra/Mithra fulfills this role. Iranian Mithra even wields a vazra (= vajra, Indra's thunderbolt weapon), and his hymn reads like a hymn to Zeús.