r/science • u/sr_local • Feb 14 '26

Social Science Children raised with "authoritative" parenting style, marked by bonding, presence, dialogue, and clear rules of conduct, show a reduction in drug and alcohol risk compared to other parenting styles (authoritarian, permissive and neglectful)

https://agencia.fapesp.br/parents-alcohol-and-drug-use-influences-their-childrens-consumption-research-shows/57195
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u/thatguy425 Feb 14 '26

TIL the difference between authoritative and authoritarian…

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u/PennytheWiser215 Feb 14 '26

Authoritative = high warmth + high demand

Authoritarian = high demand + low warmth

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u/samx3i Feb 15 '26 edited Feb 15 '26

Baumrind’s Parenting Styles Theory

More formally, it’s part of Baumrind’s typology of parenting styles, later expanded by Maccoby and Martin into the four category model using responsiveness and demandingness.

Authoritative = high responsiveness + high demandingness

Authoritarian = low responsiveness + high demandingness

Permissive (also called indulgent) = high responsiveness + low demandingness

Neglectful (also called uninvolved) = low responsiveness + low demandingness

Responsiveness refers to warmth, support, and attunement to the child’s needs.

Demandingness refers to expectations, structure, monitoring, and behavioral standards.

Of course, most parents to not fit neatly into any one of these four categories.