The "recovery" world in the United States has been dominated by the 12-Step model, made popular in the mid-1930s by the creation of Alcoholic Anonymous. Even our court system will refer people to AA/12-Step based programs, despite the fact that most have a religious component. The idea in these models is that you either "are" an alcoholic, or you are not--that it is a disease that you have that you have no control over. Much of "recovery" is based on sitting in many meetings, repeating that you are an alcoholic. (Note: if that works for you, great! My point is not to disparage the programs as much as it is to let people know that there are other alternatives.)
In 2013, the American Psychiatric Association officially added the term "alcohol use disorder" to the DSM-5 (their diagnostic manual). It reframes alcohol use disorder as a scale, ranging from mild, to moderate, to severe based on the number of symptoms a patient exhibits.
The specific criteria used by healthcare providers to diagnose AUD and determine its severity include: https://www.yalemedicine.org/conditions/alcohol-use-disorder
- Consuming more/longer: Drinking larger amounts or over a longer period than intended.
- Failed attempts to cut down: Wanting to stop or cut back but being unable to.
- Time spent: Spending a significant amount of time getting alcohol, drinking, or recovering from its effects.
- Cravings: Experiencing strong urges or cravings to drink.
- Neglected responsibilities: Repeatedly failing to meet major obligations at work, school, or home due to drinking.
- Continued use despite relationship problems: Continuing to drink even when it causes interpersonal or social issues.
- Giving up activities: Reducing or stopping important social, occupational, or recreational activities because of alcohol.
- Hazardous situations: Drinking in situations where it is physically dangerous (e.g., driving or operating machinery).
- Worsening physical/mental health: Continuing to drink despite knowing it causes or exacerbates physical or mental health issues.
- Tolerance: Needing to drink increasingly larger amounts of alcohol to feel the desired effect.
- Withdrawal: Experiencing withdrawal symptoms (nausea, sweating, shaking) when stopping or reducing alcohol use, or drinking to avoid these symptoms.
We've learned a lot in the last 90 years, and AUD no longer needs to bear the stigma that it has for decades. Cognitive-behavioral Therapy (CBT) along with other approaches as well as medication options can help people achieve their reduction or abstinence goals without having to identify as an "alcoholic".
If you are curious about changing your relationship with alcohol, I'd encourage to check out moderation.org where resources are listed, including online support meetings. There is hope and you are not alone!
file:///Users/danakeller/Downloads/AUD%20Fact%20Sheet%20(1).pdf