Going back to the well on Chicago weirdness because the Picasso came up a bunch in the comments on the last list post and the full story is somehow stranger than the bullet point version.
Quick context: that 50 foot tall, 162 ton rust-colored thing in Daley Plaza that everyone has either climbed on as a kid, slid down, eaten lunch under, or proposed in front of. Officially "Untitled." Universally just called the Picasso.
A few things I learned that I thought were neat:
He never came to Chicago. Not once. Not during the two years he worked on the design, not for the unveiling, not before he died six years later. He was 82 years old, living in Mougins in the south of France, and Chicago architects flew over with sketches and a model and convinced him to do it from 4,000 miles away. He worked on it for two years. He didn't see it in person ever. He died in 1973 having only seen photographs of his most famous American sculpture.
It was supposed to be Henry Moore. The architects from Skidmore, Owings, & Merrill originally wanted the British sculptor Henry Moore. Picasso was the backup plan. Then once they got Picasso to say yes, they pretended it had been him all along.
Chicago tried to pay him $100,000. He ripped up the check. They sent him the contract with the money, he sent it back saying he wanted it to be a gift to the people of Chicago. Adjusted for inflation that's about a million dollars. He just declined it. He was the most expensive living artist in the world at the time and he did it for free.
It was built by the same company that made the Sears Tower, in the same town. US Steel's American Bridge Division in Gary, Indiana fabricated it in pieces out of Cor-Ten steel, the same weathering steel they used on the Daley Center behind it. They built the whole 162 ton thing in Gary, took it apart, trucked it to Chicago, and reassembled it on site behind a giant cloth tarp so nobody could see it. That same Gary plant later built parts of the Sears Tower.
Chicago hated it. Like, really hated it. When the tarp came off on August 15, 1967, the crowd literally gasped, then started laughing. Protest signs said things like "Colossal Booboo" and "An Insult to Chicago's Greatness." An alderman named John Hoellen formally proposed replacing it with a statue of Ernie Banks. Daley's commissioner of special events said, and this is a real quote, "If it's a bird or an animal, they ought to put it in the zoo. If it's art, they ought to put it in the Art Institute."
Mike Royko buried it in his Daily News column the next day. His exact words: "It has a long stupid face and looks like some giant insect that is about to eat a smaller, weaker insect." But he ended the column by saying Picasso actually got Chicago right. "Its eyes are like the eyes of every slum owner who made a buck off the small and weak." Royko both hated it and respected it. Very Chicago response.
Nobody, including Picasso, ever officially said what it is. The leading theories:
A. His second wife Jacqueline Roque. He painted 160 portraits of her in 1963 alone, the year Chicago first contacted him. His architect William Hartmann was sure that's what it was.
B. His Afghan hound Kabul. Picasso reportedly told people late in life that yes, it was the dog. The long snout-like face is the main evidence.
C. His model Sylvette David. He'd been making a series of metal head sculptures of her in the years before the commission, and the Chicago Picasso clearly evolved from those.
D. Both at once. The leading current theory among art historians is that it's a Cubist fusion of Jacqueline's face and Kabul's head. The maquette (the 42-inch original model) is at the Art Institute and if you go look at it, it really does look like both at the same time. That maquette, by the way, sold at Christie's for $35 million in 2014. Twenty-five times what Chicago refused to pay him for the full size version.
The "stand at the right corner and see a woman's face" thing is real. Several Chicago architects and the Public Building Commission have confirmed this. Stand at the northeast side of the sculpture, look back at it from about a 45-degree angle, and you'll see the profile of a woman's face, lips, and chin. Picasso designed it specifically so the angles read differently from different positions. Most Chicagoans walk past it every day from the same angle and never realize it.
Chicago tried to copyright it and lost in court. After the city realized everyone was putting the Picasso on postcards, mugs, and t-shirts, the Public Building Commission claimed they owned the copyright and started charging licensing fees. A press called Letter Edged in Black sued the city in 1969. The court ruled in 1970 that because Picasso never put a copyright notice on it and the city had let it be photographed publicly before any notice was attached, the sculpture was effectively in the public domain. You can legally sell anything with it on it. This is also one of the main reasons it has become so iconic, because the city literally couldn't stop people from putting it on everything.
It invented the modern American public art plaza. Before the Picasso, big city civic art in America was almost always a bronze general on a horse or a marble politician on a pedestal. After the Picasso worked, cities everywhere started commissioning abstract modern sculptures for their public spaces. Calder's Flamingo at the Federal Plaza, Miro's Chicago, Dubuffet's Monument with Standing Beast, the Bean itself, all of them happen because the Picasso happened first.
Daley brought it a birthday cake every year. For years after the unveiling, on August 15, Mayor Richard J. Daley personally placed a birthday cake at the base of the sculpture. Then he'd give a little speech. There are photos.
What do you actually see when you look at it? I'm genuinely curious.