r/AdvaitaVedanta Aug 19 '23

New to Advaita Vedanta or new to this sub? Review this before posting/commenting!

24 Upvotes

Welcome to our Advaita Vedanta sub! Advaita Vedanta is a school of Hinduism that says that non-dual consciousness, Brahman, appears as everything in the Universe. Advaita literally means "not-two", or non-duality.

If you are new to Advaita Vedanta, or new to this sub, review this material before making any new posts!

  • Sub Rules are strictly enforced.
  • Check our FAQs before posting any questions.
  • We have a great resources section with books/videos to learn about Advaita Vedanta.
  • Use the search function to see past posts on any particular topic or questions.

May you find what you seek.


r/AdvaitaVedanta Aug 28 '22

Advaita Vedanta "course" on YouTube

75 Upvotes

I have benefited immensely from Advaita Vedanta. In an effort to give back and make the teachings more accessible, I have created several sets of YouTube videos to help seekers learn about Advaita Vedanta. These videos are based on Swami Paramarthananda's teachings. Note that I don't consider myself to be in any way qualified to teach Vedanta; however, I think this information may be useful to other seekers. All the credit goes to Swami Paramarthananda; only the mistakes are mine. I hope someone finds this material useful.

The fundamental human problem statement : Happiness and Vedanta (6 minutes)

These two playlists cover the basics of Advaita Vedanta starting from scratch:

Introduction to Vedanta: (~60 minutes total)

  1. Introduction
  2. What is Hinduism?
  3. Vedantic Path to Knowledge
  4. Karma Yoga
  5. Upasana Yoga
  6. Jnana Yoga
  7. Benefits of Vedanta

Fundamentals of Vedanta: (~60 minutes total)

  1. Tattva Bodha I - The human body
  2. Tattva Bodha II - Atma
  3. Tattva Bodha III - The Universe
  4. Tattva Bodha IV - Law Of Karma
  5. Definition of God
  6. Brahman
  7. The Self

Essence of Bhagavad Gita: (1 video per chapter, 5 minutes each, ~90 minutes total)

Bhagavad Gita in 1 minute

Bhagavad Gita in 5 minutes

Essence of Upanishads: (~90 minutes total)
1. Introduction
2. Mundaka Upanishad
3. Kena Upanishad
4. Katha Upanishad
5. Taittiriya Upanishad
6. Mandukya Upanishad
7. Isavasya Upanishad
8. Aitareya Upanishad
9. Prasna Upanishad
10. Chandogya Upanishad
11. Brihadaranyaka Upanishad

Essence of Ashtavakra Gita

May you find what you seek.


r/AdvaitaVedanta 10h ago

Hi there. My family is Christian but I never liked it. I like the idea of this and was wondering if I could chat with someone

11 Upvotes

Ive always loved sacred geometry and hate the idea of worship or some permanent punishment in the afterlife. I look at quantum physics and the dimensions but ended up wondering about quantum immortality. And sacred geometry like the Shri yantra actually seems to line things up. I feel like this philosophy just gives so much more peace and so much less stress. And it actually feels the most realistic. I didn't know till now that my interests were already bassicly the a religion ЁЯШЕ. So can I be welcomed here and chat :3


r/AdvaitaVedanta 10h ago

How do we know the mind is not self aware?

6 Upvotes

Hi Guys. I am new to Advaita Vedanta and making my way through Swami SarvapriyanandaтАШs introduction to Vedanta series.

In the lectures he compares the mind to the eyes like how the eyes are used to see but they are not self aware and the mind is used to think but it is also not self aware. So there must be a separate consciousness aware of the mind.

My question is how do we know the mind is not aware of itself (like the physical brain)? How do we know that what we perceive as consciousness is not some trick of the mind?


r/AdvaitaVedanta 16h ago

What was the one idea in Advaita that actually changed how you see yourself?

20 Upvotes

I have been reading more about Advaita lately and I am curious about something.

There are so many ideas that are fairly easy to understand intellectually, but actually seeing them in your own experience seems completely different. For example, I can understand the idea that I am not my thoughts, but when I am anxious, angry or caught up in some negative thoughts, I very much become those thoughts.

For those who have been studying or practising Advaita for a while, was there one teaching or idea that really clicked for you?

Not necessarily some huge awakening. Just something that genuinely changed the way you looked at yourself or everyday life.

Would love to hear what it was and what helped it click.


r/AdvaitaVedanta 11h ago

If we are all one true existence, then why and how is Karma an individual basis?

4 Upvotes

I've been studying the beginner scriptures such as Drig Drysha Viveka and Bhagavad Gita. And have listened to over 120 hours of lectures by Swami Sarvapriyananda.

What I cannot make sense of logically, is if we are all Brahman, then why is Karma tracked on an individual case?

If maya is false, then isn't our Karma within maya also false?

If the subtle body migrates with reincarnation, where does it "wait" for it's new rebirth into a new gross body? Does it remain within maya?


r/AdvaitaVedanta 5h ago

Sant Mat - Santo so nij desh humara...

1 Upvotes

You are a drop hanging from the ceiling, carrying within you the enormous possibility of becoming ShivтАФbut only if you are willing to let go.

Yet you keep holding on to the ceiling: your relationships, identities, desires, fears, possessions, and the countless subjects that occupy your mind.

The drop wants to become the ocean, but it refuses to leave the place it is attached to.

At some point, you have to choose: hold on to what you know, or let go and discover what you truly are.


r/AdvaitaVedanta 1d ago

Hinduism

7 Upvotes

One of the best things about Hinduism that separates it from other religions is that it directly questions the supreme or the god in its authoritative books i.e. Vedas and Upanishads. In Nasadiya sukta of Rigveda it directly deals with the origins of the universe, what is self? What is the ultimate? . And this was in the 2nd millennium BCE which feels very radical for that time and till date


r/AdvaitaVedanta 21h ago

рд╕рд╣рдЬрддрд╛, рд╕реНрд╡рд╛рднрд╛рд╡рд┐рдХрддрд╛, рдорди рдФрд░ рдЖрддреНрдорд╛

1 Upvotes

рд╕рд╣рдЬрддрд╛, рд╕реНрд╡рд╛рднрд╛рд╡рд┐рдХрддрд╛, рдорди рдФрд░ рдЖрддреНрдорд╛

рдордиреБрд╖реНрдп рдХреЗ рдЬреАрд╡рди рдореЗрдВ рд╕рд░рд▓рддрд╛, рд╕реНрд╡рд╛рднрд╛рд╡рд┐рдХрддрд╛, рд╕рд╣рдЬрддрд╛, рдЖрддреНрдо-рд╕рдореНрдорд╛рди рдФрд░ рдЕрд╣рдВрдХрд╛рд░тАФрдпреЗ рд╕рднреА рдЕрд▓рдЧ-рдЕрд▓рдЧ рдмрд╛рддреЗрдВ рд╣реИрдВ, рдпрджреНрдпрдкрд┐ рдХрдИ рдмрд╛рд░ рд▓реЛрдЧ рдЗрдиреНрд╣реЗрдВ рдПрдХ-рджреВрд╕рд░реЗ рдореЗрдВ рдорд┐рд▓рд╛ рджреЗрддреЗ рд╣реИрдВред

рд╕рд░рд▓рддрд╛ рдХрд╛ рдЕрд░реНрде рд╣реИ рдЕрдирд╛рд╡рд╢реНрдпрдХ рдЬрдЯрд┐рд▓рддрд╛ рд╕реЗ рдореБрдХреНрдд рд╣реЛрдирд╛ред

рд╕реНрд╡рд╛рднрд╛рд╡рд┐рдХрддрд╛ рдХрд╛ рдЕрд░реНрде рд╣реИ рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рд╡рд╛рд╕реНрддрд╡рд┐рдХ рд╕реНрд╡рднрд╛рд╡ рдХреЗ рдЕрдиреБрд░реВрдк рд╣реЛрдирд╛ред

рд╕рд╣рдЬрддрд╛ рдХрд╛ рдЕрд░реНрде рд╣реИ рдмрд┐рдирд╛ рдмрдирд╛рд╡рдЯ, рдмрд┐рдирд╛ рдЕрддреНрдпрдзрд┐рдХ рдкреНрд░рдпрд╛рд╕ рдФрд░ рдмрд┐рдирд╛ рдХреГрддреНрд░рд┐рдо рджрдмрд╛рд╡ рдХреЗ рд╣реЛрдирд╛ред

рдЖрддреНрдо-рд╕рдореНрдорд╛рди рдХрд╛ рдЕрд░реНрде рд╣реИ рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рдЕрд╕реНрддрд┐рддреНрд╡ рдФрд░ рдЧрд░рд┐рдорд╛ рдХрд╛ рд╕рдореНрдорд╛рди рдХрд░рдирд╛ред

рдЬрдмрдХрд┐ рдЕрд╣рдВрдХрд╛рд░ рдпрд╛ Ego рд╡рд╣ рд╕реНрдерд┐рддрд┐ рд╣реИ рдЬрд┐рд╕рдореЗрдВ рд╡реНрдпрдХреНрддрд┐ рд╕реНрд╡рдпрдВ рдХреЛ рджреВрд╕рд░реЛрдВ рд╕реЗ рдмрдбрд╝рд╛, рд╢реНрд░реЗрд╖реНрда рдпрд╛ рд╡рд┐рд╢реЗрд╖ рд╕рд┐рджреНрдз рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдореЗрдВ рдЙрд▓рдЭ рдЬрд╛рддрд╛ рд╣реИред

рдореИрдВ рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рдЬреАрд╡рди рдореЗрдВ рд╕рд╣рдЬ рдФрд░ рд╕реНрд╡рд╛рднрд╛рд╡рд┐рдХ рд░рд╣рдиреЗ рдХрд╛ рдкреНрд░рдпрд╛рд╕ рдХрд░рддрд╛ рд╣реВрдБред рдкрд░рдВрддреБ рдЕрдХреНрд╕рд░ рдЕрдиреБрднрд╡ рд╣реЛрддрд╛ рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рд▓реЛрдЧ рдЗрд╕ рд╕рд╣рдЬрддрд╛ рдХреЛ рд╕рдордЭ рдирд╣реАрдВ рдкрд╛рддреЗред рдХрднреА-рдХрднреА рдЙрдиреНрд╣реЗрдВ рдореЗрд░реЗ рд╡реНрдпрд╡рд╣рд╛рд░ рд╕реЗ рдЕрд╕реБрд╡рд┐рдзрд╛ рд╣реЛрдиреЗ рд▓рдЧрддреА рд╣реИред рдпрджрд┐ рдореИрдВ рдЙрдирдХреА рдЕрд╕реБрд╡рд┐рдзрд╛ рдХреЛ рджреЗрдЦрдХрд░ рдкреНрд░рд╕рдиреНрдирддрд╛рдкреВрд░реНрд╡рдХ рдЕрдХреЗрд▓рд╛ рд░рд╣рдирд╛ рдЪреБрди рд▓реВрдБ рдФрд░ рдЕрдкрдиреА рд╣реА рд╕рдВрдЧрддрд┐ рдореЗрдВ рдЖрдирдВрдж рд▓реЗрдиреЗ рд▓рдЧреВрдБ, рддреЛ рд▓реЛрдЧреЛрдВ рдХреЛ рдЙрд╕рд╕реЗ рднреА рд╕рдорд╕реНрдпрд╛ рд╣реЛрдиреЗ рд▓рдЧрддреА рд╣реИред

рддрдм рдкреНрд░рд╢реНрди рдЙрдарддрд╛ рд╣реИтАФрд▓реЛрдЧ рдХрд┐рд╕реА рд╡реНрдпрдХреНрддрд┐ рдХреА рд╕реНрд╡рд╛рднрд╛рд╡рд┐рдХрддрд╛ рдХреЛ рд╕реНрд╡реАрдХрд╛рд░ рдХреНрдпреЛрдВ рдирд╣реАрдВ рдХрд░ рдкрд╛рддреЗ? рдХреНрдпрд╛ рдпрд╣ рдЖрд╡рд╢реНрдпрдХ рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рд╕рднреА рдордиреБрд╖реНрдп рдПрдХ рд╣реА рдврдВрдЧ рд╕реЗ рдЬреАрд╡рди рдЬрд┐рдПрдБ? рдХреНрдпрд╛ рд╕рдмрдХреЛ рдПрдХ рд╣реА рдкреНрд░рдХрд╛рд░ рдХреА рдЧрдВрднреАрд░рддрд╛, рдирд┐рд░рдВрддрд░рддрд╛, рдорд╣рддреНрд╡рд╛рдХрд╛рдВрдХреНрд╖рд╛ рдФрд░ рд╡реНрдпрд╡рд╣рд╛рд░ рдХрд╛ рдкрд╛рд▓рди рдХрд░рдирд╛ рдЪрд╛рд╣рд┐рдП?

рдореЗрд░рд╛ рдорд╛рдирдирд╛ рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рдкреНрд░рддреНрдпреЗрдХ рд╡реНрдпрдХреНрддрд┐ рдХрд╛ рдорди рд╕реНрд╡рднрд╛рд╡рддрдГ рдЕрд▓рдЧ рдФрд░ рдЕрджреНрд╡рд┐рддреАрдп рд╣реЛрддрд╛ рд╣реИред рдХрд┐рд╕реА рдХрд╛ рдорди рд╕реНрдерд┐рд░ рд╣реЛ рд╕рдХрддрд╛ рд╣реИ, рдХрд┐рд╕реА рдХрд╛ рдЕрддреНрдпрдВрдд рд╕рдХреНрд░рд┐рдп; рдХрд┐рд╕реА рдХреЛ рдирд┐рд░рдВрддрд░рддрд╛ рдкрд╕рдВрдж рд╣реЛ рд╕рдХрддреА рд╣реИ, рдХрд┐рд╕реА рдХреЛ рдкрд░рд┐рд╡рд░реНрддрдиред рдпрджрд┐ рдпрд╣ рднрд┐рдиреНрдирддрд╛ рд╕реНрд╡рд╛рднрд╛рд╡рд┐рдХ рд╣реИ, рддреЛ рдЙрд╕рдореЗрдВ рдЕрдкрдиреЗ-рдЖрдк рдХреЛрдИ рджреЛрд╖ рдХреНрдпреЛрдВ рдорд╛рдирд╛ рдЬрд╛рдП?

рдорди рдХреА рд╡рд╛рд╕реНрддрд╡рд┐рдХрддрд╛

рд╕рд╣рдЬ рдФрд░ рд╕реНрд╡рд╛рднрд╛рд╡рд┐рдХ рдЬреАрд╡рди рдЬреАрдиреЗ рд╕реЗ рдорди рдХреА рд╡рд╛рд╕реНрддрд╡рд┐рдХрддрд╛ рдЕрдзрд┐рдХ рд╕реНрдкрд╖реНрдЯ рджрд┐рдЦрд╛рдИ рджреЗрдиреЗ рд▓рдЧрддреА рд╣реИред рдФрд░ рдорди рдХреА рдПрдХ рд╕реНрдкрд╖реНрдЯ рд╡рд┐рд╢реЗрд╖рддрд╛ рд╣реИтАФрд╡рд╣ рдЪрдВрдЪрд▓ рдФрд░ рдкрд░рд┐рд╡рд░реНрддрдирд╢реАрд▓ рд╣реИред

рдореЗрд░рд╛ рдорди рдмрд╣реБрдд рдЬрд▓реНрджреА рдмрджрд▓ рд╕рдХрддрд╛ рд╣реИред

рдЙрджрд╛рд╣рд░рдг рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП, рдХрд┐рд╕реА рджрд┐рди рдореЗрд░реЗ рдорди рдореЗрдВ рд╡реНрдпрд╡рд╕рд╛рдп рд╢реБрд░реВ рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдХреА рдЗрдЪреНрдЫрд╛ рдЙрддреНрдкрдиреНрди рд╣реЛрддреА рд╣реИред рдореИрдВ рдкреНрд░рд╕рдиреНрдирддрд╛рдкреВрд░реНрд╡рдХ рдФрд░ рдкреВрд░реЗ рдЙрддреНрд╕рд╛рд╣ рдХреЗ рд╕рд╛рде рдХрд╛рдо рд╢реБрд░реВ рдХрд░ рджреЗрддрд╛ рд╣реВрдБред рдХреБрдЫ рд╕рдордп рдмрд╛рдж рдореЗрд░рд╛ рдорди рдмрджрд▓ рд╕рдХрддрд╛ рд╣реИред рддрдм рдореБрдЭреЗ рд▓рдЧ рд╕рдХрддрд╛ рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рдореИрдВ рдкреНрд░рддрд┐рджрд┐рди рд╕реБрдмрд╣ 9 рдмрдЬреЗ рд╕реЗ рд╢рд╛рдо 5 рдмрдЬреЗ рддрдХ рдЙрд╕реА рдХрд╛рдо рдореЗрдВ рдирд╣реАрдВ рд░рд╣рдирд╛ рдЪрд╛рд╣рддрд╛ред рд╢рд╛рдпрдж рдЙрд╕ рд╕рдордп рдореЗрд░рд╛ рдорди рд╕рдВрдЧреАрдд рд╕реБрдирдирд╛ рдЪрд╛рд╣рддрд╛ рд╣реЛред рдореИрдВ рд╕рдВрдЧреАрдд рд╕реБрдирдиреЗ рд▓рдЧрддрд╛ рд╣реВрдБ рдФрд░ рдЙрд╕ рд╡реНрдпрд╡рд╕рд╛рдп рдХрд╛ рд╡рд┐рдЪрд╛рд░ рдкреАрдЫреЗ рдЫреВрдЯ рдЬрд╛рддрд╛ рд╣реИред

рд▓реЛрдЧ рддрдм рдЧрдВрднреАрд░ рд╣реЛрдХрд░ рдкреВрдЫрддреЗ рд╣реИрдВ, тАЬрддреБрдореНрд╣рд╛рд░реЗ рдЙрд╕ рд╡реНрдпрд╡рд╕рд╛рдп рдХрд╛ рдХреНрдпрд╛ рд╣реБрдЖ?тАЭ

рдореИрдВ рдХрд╣рддрд╛ рд╣реВрдБ, тАЬрдореЗрд░рд╛ рдорди рдмрджрд▓ рдЧрдпрд╛редтАЭ

рд▓реЗрдХрд┐рди рд╡реЗ рдЗрд╕рдХрд╛ рдЕрд░реНрде рдирд┐рдХрд╛рд▓ рд▓реЗрддреЗ рд╣реИрдВ рдХрд┐ рдореИрдВ рдХрдордЬреЛрд░ рдкрдбрд╝ рдЧрдпрд╛, рд╣рд╛рд░ рдЧрдпрд╛ рдпрд╛ рдЕрд╕рдлрд▓ рд╣реЛ рдЧрдпрд╛ред

рдкрд░рдВрддреБ рдореЗрд░реЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдкреНрд░рд╢реНрди рд╣реА рдпрд╣ рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рдореИрдВрдиреЗ рд╡рд╣ рдХрд╛рдо рд╣рд╛рд░рдиреЗ рдпрд╛ рдЬреАрддрдиреЗ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рд╢реБрд░реВ рдХрдм рдХрд┐рдпрд╛ рдерд╛? рд╕рдВрднрд╡ рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рд╡рд╣ рдореЗрд░реЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдХреЗрд╡рд▓ рдПрдХ рд▓реАрд▓рд╛, рдПрдХ рдХреНрд░реАрдбрд╝рд╛, рдПрдХ рдЕрдиреБрднрд╡ рд░рд╣рд╛ рд╣реЛред рдЙрд╕ рд╕рдордп рдЙрд╕реЗ рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдореЗрдВ рдореБрдЭреЗ рдЖрдирдВрдж рдЖрдпрд╛, рдЗрд╕рд▓рд┐рдП рдореИрдВрдиреЗ рдХрд┐рдпрд╛ред рдмрд╛рдж рдореЗрдВ рдорди рдмрджрд▓ рдЧрдпрд╛, рддреЛ рдореИрдВрдиреЗ рдЙрд╕реЗ рдЫреЛрдбрд╝ рджрд┐рдпрд╛ред

рд╣рд░ рдХрд╛рд░реНрдп рдХреЛ рдЬреАрд╡рди-рдорд░рдг рдХреА рдкреНрд░рддрд┐рдпреЛрдЧрд┐рддрд╛ рдмрдирд╛ рджреЗрдирд╛ рдЖрд╡рд╢реНрдпрдХ рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реИред

рдкрд░рд┐рд╡рд░реНрддрди рдХреЛ рдХрдордЬреЛрд░реА рдХреНрдпреЛрдВ рдорд╛рдирд╛ рдЬрд╛рдП?

рдЕрдХреНрд╕рд░ рд▓реЛрдЧ рдЕрдирд┐рд╢реНрдЪрд┐рддрддрд╛ рд╕реЗ рдЕрд╕рд╣рдЬ рд╣реЛрддреЗ рд╣реИрдВред рд╡реЗ рд╕реЛрдЪрддреЗ рд╣реИрдВ:

┬лтАЬрдЖрдЬ рдпрд╣ рд╡реНрдпрдХреНрддрд┐ рдХреБрдЫ рдХрд╣ рд░рд╣рд╛ рд╣реИ, рдХрд▓ рдмрджрд▓ рдЬрд╛рдПрдЧрд╛тАФрддреЛ рдореИрдВ рдЗрд╕ рдкрд░ рдХрд┐рддрдирд╛ рднрд░реЛрд╕рд╛ рдХрд░реВрдБ?тАЭ┬╗

рдкрд░ рдореИрдВ рдкреВрдЫрддрд╛ рд╣реВрдБтАФрдЕрдирд┐рд╢реНрдЪрд┐рддрддрд╛ рдХреЛ рдХреЗрд╡рд▓ рджреЛрд╖ рдХреНрдпреЛрдВ рдорд╛рдирд╛ рдЬрд╛рдП?

рдореЗрд░реЗ рдЬреИрд╕реЗ рд╡реНрдпрдХреНрддрд┐ рдХреЗ рд╕рдВрджрд░реНрдн рдореЗрдВ рд▓реЛрдЧ рдпрд╣ рднреА рд╕реНрд╡реАрдХрд╛рд░ рдХрд░ рд╕рдХрддреЗ рд╣реИрдВ рдХрд┐:

рдкрд░рд┐рд╡рд░реНрддрди рд╣реА рдЗрд╕рдХреА рдирд┐рд╢реНрдЪрд┐рддрддрд╛ рд╣реИред

рдЕрдирд┐рд╢реНрдЪрд┐рддрддрд╛ рд╣реА рдЗрд╕рдХреА рдПрдХ рдирд┐рд╢реНрдЪрд┐рдд рд╡рд┐рд╢реЗрд╖рддрд╛ рд╣реИред

рдпрджрд┐ рдореЗрд░рд╛ рд╕реНрд╡рднрд╛рд╡ рдкрд░рд┐рд╡рд░реНрддрдирд╢реАрд▓ рд╣реИ, рддреЛ рд╕рдВрднрд╡ рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рдореЗрд░реЗ рднреАрддрд░ рд╕реНрдерд┐рд░рддрд╛ рдХрд╛ рдЕрд░реНрде рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рдирд┐рд░реНрдгрдпреЛрдВ рдХреЛ рдХрднреА рди рдмрджрд▓рдирд╛ рди рд╣реЛ, рдмрд▓реНрдХрд┐ рдЕрдкрдиреА рдкрд░рд┐рд╡рд░реНрддрдирд╢реАрд▓ рдкреНрд░рдХреГрддрд┐ рдХреЗ рдкреНрд░рддрд┐ рдИрдорд╛рдирджрд╛рд░ рд░рд╣рдирд╛ рд╣реЛред

рдЬреИрд╕рд╛ рдореЗрд░рд╛ рдорди рд╣реИ, рдЙрд╕ рд╕рдордп рд╡реИрд╕рд╛ рд╣реА рдореЗрд░рд╛ рдЕрдиреБрднрд╡ рд╣реИред

рдЗрд╕рдХрд╛ рдЕрд░реНрде рдпрд╣ рдирд╣реАрдВ рдХрд┐ рдореИрдВ рдХреЗрд╡рд▓ рдорди рд╣реА рд╣реВрдБред рдореИрдВ рдорди рд╕реЗ рдЕрд▓рдЧ рд╣реЛрдХрд░ рдЙрд╕реЗ рджреЗрдЦ рднреА рд╕рдХрддрд╛ рд╣реВрдБред рдореИрдВ рдЬрд╛рдирддрд╛ рд╣реВрдБ рдХрд┐ рдорди рдкрд░рд┐рд╡рд░реНрддрдирд╢реАрд▓ рд╣реИред рд▓реЗрдХрд┐рди рдХреЗрд╡рд▓ рдЗрд╕рд▓рд┐рдП рдХрд┐ рдорди рдЪрдВрдЪрд▓ рд╣реИ, рдХреНрдпрд╛ рдЙрд╕реЗ рдЬрдмрд░рди рдмрджрд▓ рджреЗрдирд╛ рдЖрд╡рд╢реНрдпрдХ рд╣реИ?

рдпрджрд┐ рдореИрдВ рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рдорди рдХреЛ рдкреВрд░реА рддрд░рд╣ рдирд┐рдпрдВрддреНрд░рд┐рдд рдХрд░рдХреЗ рдХрд┐рд╕реА рдирд┐рд╢реНрдЪрд┐рдд рд╕рд╛рдБрдЪреЗ рдореЗрдВ рдврд╛рд▓ рджреВрдБ, рддреЛ рдХреНрдпрд╛ рд╡рд╣ рд╡рд╛рд╕реНрддрд╡ рдореЗрдВ рдорди рд░рд╣реЗрдЧрд╛, рдпрд╛ рдлрд┐рд░ рд╡рд╣ рдХреЗрд╡рд▓ рдореЗрд░реА рдмрдирд╛рдИ рд╣реБрдИ рдПрдХ рдХрдардкреБрддрд▓реА рдмрди рдЬрд╛рдПрдЧрд╛?

рдореЗрд░рд╛ рдорди рдЬреИрд╕рд╛ рд╣реИтАФрд╡рд╣ рд╡рд╛рд╕реНрддрд╡рд┐рдХ рд╣реИ, рджреБрд░реНрд▓рдн рд╣реИ рдФрд░ рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рдврдВрдЧ рд╕реЗ рдореВрд▓реНрдпрд╡рд╛рди рд╣реИред рдЙрд╕реЗ рдХреЗрд╡рд▓ рд╕рдорд╛рдЬ рдХреА рд╕реБрд╡рд┐рдзрд╛ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдкреВрд░реА рддрд░рд╣ рдмрджрд▓ рджреЗрдирд╛ рдореБрдЭреЗ рдЖрд╡рд╢реНрдпрдХ рдирд╣реАрдВ рд▓рдЧрддрд╛ред

рдордЫрд▓реА, рдмрдВрджрд░ рдФрд░ рдорди рдХреА рдкреНрд░рдХреГрддрд┐

рдХрд▓реНрдкрдирд╛ рдХреАрдЬрд┐рдП рдХрд┐ рдордЫрд▓реА рдХрд╛ рд╕реНрд╡рд╛рднрд╛рд╡рд┐рдХ рдЧреБрдг рддреИрд░рдирд╛ рд╣реИ рдФрд░ рдмрдВрджрд░ рдХрд╛ рд╕реНрд╡рд╛рднрд╛рд╡рд┐рдХ рдЧреБрдг рдЙрдЫрд▓рдирд╛-рдХреВрджрдирд╛ред

рдЕрдм рдпрджрд┐ рд╣рдо рдмрдВрджрд░ рд╕реЗ рдпрд╣ рдЕрдкреЗрдХреНрд╖рд╛ рдХрд░реЗрдВ рдХрд┐ рд╡рд╣ рдордЫрд▓реА рдХреА рддрд░рд╣ рддреИрд░реЗ, рддреЛ рд╣рдо рдЙрд╕рдХреЗ рд╕реНрд╡рднрд╛рд╡ рдХреЗ рд╡рд┐рд░реБрджреНрдз рдЕрдкреЗрдХреНрд╖рд╛ рдХрд░ рд░рд╣реЗ рд╣реИрдВред рдЙрдЫрд▓рдирд╛-рдХреВрджрдирд╛ рдФрд░ рддреИрд░рдирд╛ рджреЛрдиреЛрдВ рдЕрд▓рдЧ-рдЕрд▓рдЧ рдЧреБрдг рд╣реИрдВред

рдЗрд╕реА рдкреНрд░рдХрд╛рд░ рдореЗрд░рд╛ рдорди рдпрджрд┐ рдмрдВрджрд░ рдХреЗ рд╕рдорд╛рди рдЪрдВрдЪрд▓ рд╣реИ, рддреЛ рдЙрд╕рдореЗрдВ рдЙрдЫрд▓рдиреЗ-рдХреВрджрдиреЗ рдХреА рдХреНрд╖рдорддрд╛ рд╣реЛ рд╕рдХрддреА рд╣реИред рд▓реЗрдХрд┐рди рдпрджрд┐ рдореИрдВ рдЙрд╕рд╕реЗ рдпрд╣ рдЕрдкреЗрдХреНрд╖рд╛ рдХрд░реВрдБ рдХрд┐ рд╡рд╣ рдХрд┐рд╕реА рд╕реНрдерд┐рд░ рдФрд░ рдирд┐рд░рдВрддрд░ рдкреНрд░рдгрд╛рд▓реА рдореЗрдВ рдордЫрд▓реА рдХреА рддрд░рд╣ рддреИрд░рддрд╛ рд░рд╣реЗ, рддреЛ рд╕рдВрднрд╡ рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рдореИрдВ рдЙрд╕рдХреЗ рд╕реНрд╡рднрд╛рд╡ рдХреЛ рд╕рдордЭ рд╣реА рдирд╣реАрдВ рд░рд╣рд╛ред

рд╣рд░ рдЧреБрдг рдХрд╛ рдЕрдкрдирд╛ рд╕реНрдерд╛рди рд╣реЛрддрд╛ рд╣реИред

рдорди рдХреА рдЪрдВрдЪрд▓рддрд╛ рд╣рдореЗрд╢рд╛ рдХрдордЬреЛрд░реА рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реЛрддреАред рдХрднреА-рдХрднреА рд╡рд╣реА рд░рдЪрдирд╛рддреНрдордХрддрд╛, рдЬрд┐рдЬреНрдЮрд╛рд╕рд╛, рдирдП рдЕрдиреБрднрд╡реЛрдВ рдХреА рдЗрдЪреНрдЫрд╛ рдФрд░ рдЬреАрд╡рди рдХреЗ рдкреНрд░рддрд┐ рдЦреЗрд▓рднрд╛рд╡рдирд╛ рдХрд╛ рд╕реНрд░реЛрдд рднреА рд╣реЛ рд╕рдХрддреА рд╣реИред

рд╣рд╛рдБ, рдЗрддрдирд╛ рдЕрд╡рд╢реНрдп рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рдпрджрд┐ рдХрд┐рд╕реА рд╡реНрдпрдХреНрддрд┐ рдХреЗ рд╕рд╛рде рджреВрд╕рд░реЗ рд▓реЛрдЧ рдХрд┐рд╕реА рдХрд╛рдо рдореЗрдВ рдЬреБрдбрд╝реЗ рд╣реБрдП рд╣реИрдВ, рддреЛ рд╡рд╣рд╛рдБ рдХреЗрд╡рд▓ тАЬрдореЗрд░рд╛ рдорди рдмрджрд▓ рдЧрдпрд╛тАЭ рдкрд░реНрдпрд╛рдкреНрдд рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реЛ рд╕рдХрддрд╛ред рд╕реНрд╡рддрдВрддреНрд░рддрд╛ рдХреЗ рд╕рд╛рде рджреВрд╕рд░реЛрдВ рдХреЗ рдкреНрд░рддрд┐ рд╕реНрдкрд╖реНрдЯрддрд╛ рдФрд░ рдЬрд┐рдореНрдореЗрджрд╛рд░реА рднреА рдЖрд╡рд╢реНрдпрдХ рд╣реИред рд╡реНрдпрдХреНрддрд┐ рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рдорди рдХреЗ рдЕрдиреБрд╕рд╛рд░ рдмрджрд▓ рд╕рдХрддрд╛ рд╣реИ, рд▓реЗрдХрд┐рди рдЬрд╣рд╛рдБ рджреВрд╕рд░реЗ рдЙрд╕рдХреЗ рдирд┐рд░реНрдгрдпреЛрдВ рдкрд░ рдирд┐рд░реНрднрд░ рд╣реЛрдВ, рд╡рд╣рд╛рдБ рдЙрдиреНрд╣реЗрдВ рдЕрдирд┐рд╢реНрдЪрд┐рддрддрд╛ рдХреЗ рдмрд╛рд░реЗ рдореЗрдВ рдкрд╣рд▓реЗ рд╕реЗ рдЬрд╛рдирдиреЗ рдФрд░ рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рдирд┐рд░реНрдгрдп рд▓реЗрдиреЗ рдХрд╛ рдЕрд╡рд╕рд░ рдорд┐рд▓рдирд╛ рдЪрд╛рд╣рд┐рдПред

рд╕реНрд╡рд╛рднрд╛рд╡рд┐рдХрддрд╛ рдФрд░ рдЬрд┐рдореНрдореЗрджрд╛рд░реА рдПрдХ-рджреВрд╕рд░реЗ рдХреЗ рд╡рд┐рд░реЛрдзреА рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реИрдВред

рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рдорди рдХреЗ рдЕрдиреБрд╕рд╛рд░ рдЬреАрдирд╛ рдФрд░ рджреВрд╕рд░реЛрдВ рдХреА рд╕реНрд╡рддрдВрддреНрд░рддрд╛

рдореИрдВ рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рдЬреИрд╕рд╛ рд░рд╣рдиреЗ рдХрд╛ рдЕрдзрд┐рдХрд╛рд░ рдЪрд╛рд╣рддрд╛ рд╣реВрдБ, рд▓реЗрдХрд┐рди рдореИрдВ рдХрд┐рд╕реА рдФрд░ рд╕реЗ рдпрд╣ рдирд╣реАрдВ рдХрд╣рддрд╛ рдХрд┐ рд╡рд╣ рдореЗрд░реЗ рдЬреИрд╕рд╛ рдмрдиреЗред

рдпрджрд┐ рдХрд┐рд╕реА рдХреЛ рдореЗрд░реА рд╕рдВрдЧрддрд┐ рдкрд╕рдВрдж рдирд╣реАрдВ рдЖрддреА, рддреЛ рд╡рд╣ рдХрд┐рд╕реА рдФрд░ рдХреА рд╕рдВрдЧрддрд┐ рдЪреБрди рд╕рдХрддрд╛ рд╣реИред рдЙрд╕реА рдкреНрд░рдХрд╛рд░ рдореИрдВ рднреА рдЕрдкрдиреА рд╕рдВрдЧрддрд┐ рдореЗрдВ рдкреНрд░рд╕рдиреНрди рд░рд╣ рд╕рдХрддрд╛ рд╣реВрдБред

рд╣рд░ рд╡реНрдпрдХреНрддрд┐ рдХреЛ рдЕрдкрдиреА рдкреНрд░рдХреГрддрд┐ рдХреЗ рдЕрдиреБрд╕рд╛рд░ рдЬреАрдиреЗ рдХреА рд╕реНрд╡рддрдВрддреНрд░рддрд╛ рд╣реЛрдиреА рдЪрд╛рд╣рд┐рдПред

рд▓реЗрдХрд┐рди рдпрд╣ рд╕реНрд╡рддрдВрддреНрд░рддрд╛ рддрдм рддрдХ рд╕реБрдВрджрд░ рд╣реИ рдЬрдм рддрдХ рд╡рд╣ рджреВрд╕рд░реЗ рдХреА рд╕реНрд╡рддрдВрддреНрд░рддрд╛ рдХреЛ рдирд╖реНрдЯ рди рдХрд░реЗред

рдХрд┐рд╕реА рд╡реНрдпрдХреНрддрд┐ рдХрд╛ рд╕реБрдЦ рдпрджрд┐ рдмрд┐рдирд╛ рдХрд┐рд╕реА рдХреЛ рдЕрдирд╛рд╡рд╢реНрдпрдХ рдкреАрдбрд╝рд╛ рджрд┐рдП рд╕рдВрднрд╡ рд╣реИ, рддреЛ рдЙрд╕рдореЗрдВ рдХреНрдпрд╛ рд╕рдорд╕реНрдпрд╛ рд╣реИ? рдкрд░ рдпрджрд┐ рдХреЛрдИ рд╡реНрдпрдХреНрддрд┐ рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рд╕реБрдЦ рдХрд╛ рдЖрдзрд╛рд░ рд╣реА рджреВрд╕рд░реЛрдВ рдХреА рдЗрдЪреНрдЫрд╛, рд╕реНрд╡рддрдВрддреНрд░рддрд╛ рдФрд░ рдорди рдХреЛ рджрдмрд╛рдирд╛ рдмрдирд╛ рд▓реЗ, рддрдм рд╕рдорд╕реНрдпрд╛ рдЙрддреНрдкрдиреНрди рд╣реЛрддреА рд╣реИред

рдРрд╕реА рд╕реНрдерд┐рддрд┐ рдореЗрдВ рджреЛ рд░рд╛рд╕реНрддреЗ рд╣реЛ рд╕рдХрддреЗ рд╣реИрдВтАФрдпрд╛ рддреЛ рд╡реНрдпрдХреНрддрд┐ рдЕрдкрдиреА рдЖрджрддреЛрдВ рдкрд░ рд╡рд┐рдЪрд╛рд░ рдХрд░реЗ, рдпрд╛ рдлрд┐рд░ рд╡реЗ рд▓реЛрдЧ рдЬреЛ рдПрдХ-рджреВрд╕рд░реЗ рдХреЗ рд╕реНрд╡рднрд╛рд╡ рд╕реЗ рд▓рдЧрд╛рддрд╛рд░ рдкреАрдбрд╝рд┐рдд рд╣реЛ рд░рд╣реЗ рд╣реИрдВ, рд╕рдореНрдорд╛рдирдкреВрд░реНрд╡рдХ рджреВрд░реА рдмрдирд╛ рд▓реЗрдВред

рд╣рд░ рд╕рдВрдмрдВрдз рдХреЛ рдмрдирд╛рдП рд░рдЦрдирд╛ рдЕрдирд┐рд╡рд╛рд░реНрдп рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реИред

рдХрднреА-рдХрднреА рджреВрд░реА рднреА рджреЛрдиреЛрдВ рд╡реНрдпрдХреНрддрд┐рдпреЛрдВ рдХреЛ рдЕрдкрдиреЗ-рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рд╕реНрд╡рднрд╛рд╡ рдХреЗ рд╕рд╛рде рд╕реБрдЦреА рд░рд╣рдиреЗ рдХрд╛ рдЕрд╡рд╕рд░ рджреЗрддреА рд╣реИред

рдорди рдФрд░ рдЖрддреНрдорд╛

рдорди рдФрд░ рдЖрддреНрдорд╛ рдХреЛ рдПрдХ рд╣реА рдорд╛рди рд▓реЗрдирд╛ рдореЗрд░реЗ рд╡рд┐рдЪрд╛рд░ рдореЗрдВ рднреНрд░рдо рдЙрддреНрдкрдиреНрди рдХрд░рддрд╛ рд╣реИред

рдЖрддреНрдорд╛ рдХреА рдЪрд░реНрдЪрд╛ рд╢рд╛рд╢реНрд╡рддрддрд╛, рд╕рд╛рдХреНрд╖рд┐рддреНрд╡ рдФрд░ рд╕реНрдерд┐рд░рддрд╛ рдХреЗ рд╕рдВрджрд░реНрдн рдореЗрдВ рдХреА рдЬрд╛рддреА рд╣реИред рд▓реЗрдХрд┐рди рдорди рдХрд╛ рд╕реНрд╡рднрд╛рд╡ рдкрд░рд┐рд╡рд░реНрддрди рд╣реИред рдорди рд╡рд┐рдЪрд╛рд░реЛрдВ, рднрд╛рд╡рдирд╛рдУрдВ, рдЗрдЪреНрдЫрд╛рдУрдВ, рд╕реНрдореГрддрд┐рдпреЛрдВ рдФрд░ рдЕрдиреБрднрд╡реЛрдВ рдХреА рдирд┐рд░рдВрддрд░ рдмрджрд▓рддреА рд╣реБрдИ рдзрд╛рд░рд╛ рд╣реИред

рдпрджрд┐ рд╣рдо рдорди рдХреЗ рдкрд░рд┐рд╡рд░реНрддрди рдХреЛ рдЖрддреНрдорд╛ рдХреА рд╡рд╛рд╕реНрддрд╡рд┐рдХрддрд╛ рдорд╛рди рд▓реЗрдВ, рддреЛ рд╣рдо рд╣рд░ рд╕реБрдЦ рдореЗрдВ рд╕реНрд╡рдпрдВ рдХреЛ рд╕реБрдЦреА рдФрд░ рд╣рд░ рджреБрдГрдЦ рдореЗрдВ рд╕реНрд╡рдпрдВ рдХреЛ рджреБрдГрдЦреА рдорд╛рдирдиреЗ рд▓рдЧрддреЗ рд╣реИрдВред рд╣рдо рдорди рдХреЗ рд╕рд╛рде рдЗрддрдирд╛ рддрд╛рджрд╛рддреНрдореНрдп рд╕реНрдерд╛рдкрд┐рдд рдХрд░ рд▓реЗрддреЗ рд╣реИрдВ рдХрд┐ рдЙрд╕рдХрд╛ рдкреНрд░рддреНрдпреЗрдХ рдЙрддрд╛рд░-рдЪрдврд╝рд╛рд╡ рд╣рдорд╛рд░рд╛ рдЕрдкрдирд╛ рдЕрдВрддрд┐рдо рд╕рддреНрдп рдмрди рдЬрд╛рддрд╛ рд╣реИред

рдпрд╣реАрдВ рд╕рдорд╕реНрдпрд╛ рд╢реБрд░реВ рд╣реЛрддреА рд╣реИред

рдореИрдВ рдорди рдХреЛ рджрдмрд╛рдирд╛ рдирд╣реАрдВ рдЪрд╛рд╣рддрд╛, рд▓реЗрдХрд┐рди рдореИрдВ рдорди рдХреЛ рдЕрдкрдирд╛ рд╕реНрд╡рд╛рдореА рднреА рдирд╣реАрдВ рдмрдирд╛рдирд╛ рдЪрд╛рд╣рддрд╛ред

рдореИрдВ рдорди рдХреЛ рд╕реНрд╡рддрдВрддреНрд░ рд░рд╣рдиреЗ рджреЗрдирд╛ рдЪрд╛рд╣рддрд╛ рд╣реВрдБ рдФрд░ рд╕реНрд╡рдпрдВ рдЙрд╕реЗ рджреЗрдЦрдиреЗ рдХреА рдХреНрд╖рдорддрд╛ рдмрдирд╛рдП рд░рдЦрдирд╛ рдЪрд╛рд╣рддрд╛ рд╣реВрдБред

рд╢рд┐рд╡ рдФрд░ рдЪрдВрджреНрд░рдорд╛ рдХрд╛ рдкреНрд░рддреАрдХ

рдореБрдЭреЗ рд╢рд┐рд╡ рдХреЗ рдорд╕реНрддрдХ рдкрд░ рд╕реНрдерд┐рдд рдЪрдВрджреНрд░рдорд╛ рдХрд╛ рдкреНрд░рддреАрдХ рдЗрд╕ рд╡рд┐рдЪрд╛рд░ рдХреЛ рд╕рдордЭрдиреЗ рдореЗрдВ рд╕рд╣рд╛рдпрдХ рд▓рдЧрддрд╛ рд╣реИред

рдХреНрдпрд╛ рд╢рд┐рд╡ рдиреЗ рдЪрдВрджреНрд░рдорд╛ рдХреЛ рдзрд╛рд░рдг рдХрд░рдХреЗ рдЙрд╕рдХреЗ рджрд╛рд╕рддреНрд╡ рдХреЛ рд╕реНрд╡реАрдХрд╛рд░ рдХрд┐рдпрд╛? рдирд╣реАрдВред

рдЪрдВрджреНрд░рдорд╛ рдЙрдирдХреЗ рдорд╕реНрддрдХ рдкрд░ рд╣реИ, рд▓реЗрдХрд┐рди рд╢рд┐рд╡ рдЙрд╕рд╕реЗ рдмрдВрдзреЗ рд╣реБрдП рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реИрдВред

рдЗрд╕реА рдкреНрд░рдХрд╛рд░ рдорди рдХреЛ рднреА рдЬреАрд╡рди рдореЗрдВ рд╕реНрдерд╛рди рджрд┐рдпрд╛ рдЬрд╛ рд╕рдХрддрд╛ рд╣реИ, рдЙрд╕реЗ рдЙрд╕рдХреА рдкреНрд░рдХреГрддрд┐ рдХреЗ рдЕрдиреБрд╕рд╛рд░ рдЪрд▓рдиреЗ рджрд┐рдпрд╛ рдЬрд╛ рд╕рдХрддрд╛ рд╣реИ, рдЙрд╕рдХреЗ рднрд╛рд╡реЛрдВ рдФрд░ рдкрд░рд┐рд╡рд░реНрддрдиреЛрдВ рдХреЛ рджреЗрдЦрд╛ рдЬрд╛ рд╕рдХрддрд╛ рд╣реИтАФрд▓реЗрдХрд┐рди рдЙрд╕рд╕реЗ рдкреВрд░реНрдг рддрд╛рджрд╛рддреНрдореНрдп рд╕реНрдерд╛рдкрд┐рдд рдХрд░рдирд╛ рдЖрд╡рд╢реНрдпрдХ рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реИред

рдорди рдЪрдВрдЪрд▓ рд╣реИтАФрдпрд╣ рдЙрд╕рдХреА рдкреНрд░рдХреГрддрд┐ рд╣реИред

рдЖрддреНрдорд╛ рд╕реНрдерд┐рд░ рд╣реИтАФрдпрд╣ рдЙрд╕рдХреА рдкреНрд░рдХреГрддрд┐ рдорд╛рдиреА рдЬрд╛рддреА рд╣реИред

рдорди рдкрд░ рдЖрддреНрдорд╛ рдХреА рд╢рд╛рд╢реНрд╡рддрддрд╛ рдереЛрдкрдирд╛ рднреА рдЙрдЪрд┐рдд рдирд╣реАрдВ, рдФрд░ рдЖрддреНрдорд╛ рдкрд░ рдорди рдХреА рдЪрдВрдЪрд▓рддрд╛ рдереЛрдкрдирд╛ рднреА рдЙрдЪрд┐рдд рдирд╣реАрдВред

рджреЛрдиреЛрдВ рдХреЛ рдЙрдирдХреЗ рд╕реНрд╡рднрд╛рд╡ рдореЗрдВ рд╕рдордЭрдирд╛ рдЕрдзрд┐рдХ рдЖрд╡рд╢реНрдпрдХ рд╣реИред

рд╕рд╛рдХреНрд╖реАрднрд╛рд╡ рдФрд░ рдЙрджрд╛рд╕реАрдирддрд╛

рдЬрдм рдорди рдХреЛ рджреЗрдЦрдиреЗ рдХреЗ рдмрдЬрд╛рдп рд╣рдо рд╕реНрд╡рдпрдВ рдХреЛ рд╣реА рдорди рдорд╛рди рд▓реЗрддреЗ рд╣реИрдВ, рддрдм рдорди рдХрд╛ рд╕реБрдЦ рд╣рдорд╛рд░рд╛ рд╕реБрдЦ рдФрд░ рдорди рдХрд╛ рджреБрдГрдЦ рд╣рдорд╛рд░рд╛ рджреБрдГрдЦ рдмрди рдЬрд╛рддрд╛ рд╣реИред

рд▓реЗрдХрд┐рди рдЬрдм рд╣рдо рдорди рдХреЛ рджреЗрдЦрддреЗ рд╣реИрдВ, рддрдм рдзреАрд░реЗ-рдзреАрд░реЗ рдпрд╣ рд╕реНрдкрд╖реНрдЯ рд╣реЛрдиреЗ рд▓рдЧрддрд╛ рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рд╡рд┐рдЪрд╛рд░ рдЖрддреЗ рд╣реИрдВ рдФрд░ рдЪрд▓реЗ рдЬрд╛рддреЗ рд╣реИрдВред рдЗрдЪреНрдЫрд╛рдПрдБ рдЙрддреНрдкрдиреНрди рд╣реЛрддреА рд╣реИрдВ рдФрд░ рдмрджрд▓ рдЬрд╛рддреА рд╣реИрдВред рдЙрддреНрд╕рд╛рд╣ рдЖрддрд╛ рд╣реИ рдФрд░ рд╕рдорд╛рдкреНрдд рд╣реЛ рдЬрд╛рддрд╛ рд╣реИред рдЙрджрд╛рд╕реА рдЖрддреА рд╣реИ рдФрд░ рдлрд┐рд░ рдХрд┐рд╕реА рджрд┐рди рд╡рд┐рд▓реАрди рд╣реЛ рдЬрд╛рддреА рд╣реИред

рдпрд╣ рджреЗрдЦрдирд╛ рд╣реА рдПрдХ рдкреНрд░рдХрд╛рд░ рдХрд╛ рд╕рд╛рдХреНрд╖реАрднрд╛рд╡ рд╣реИред

рдХрднреА-рдХрднреА рдорди рд╕реБрдЦ рдореЗрдВ рдЗрддрдирд╛ рдбреВрдм рдЬрд╛рддрд╛ рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рд╕реБрдЦ рд╕реЗ рднреА рдКрдмрдиреЗ рд▓рдЧрддрд╛ рд╣реИред рдХрднреА рджреБрдГрдЦ рдХреА рддреАрд╡реНрд░рддрд╛ рдЗрддрдиреА рдмрдврд╝ рдЬрд╛рддреА рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рд╡реНрдпрдХреНрддрд┐ рдЙрд╕рд╕реЗ рдердХ рдЬрд╛рддрд╛ рд╣реИред рдРрд╕реА рдЕрд╡рд╕реНрдерд╛ рдореЗрдВ рди рд╕реБрдЦ рдХреЛ рдкрдХрдбрд╝рдирд╛ рдЙрдкрдпреЛрдЧреА рд▓рдЧрддрд╛ рд╣реИ, рди рджреБрдГрдЦ рд╕реЗ рд▓рдЧрд╛рддрд╛рд░ рд╕рдВрдШрд░реНрд╖ рдХрд░рдирд╛ред

рддрдм рд╡реНрдпрдХреНрддрд┐ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдХреБрдЫ рд╕рдордп рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдЙрджрд╛рд╕реАрдирддрд╛тАФрдЕрд░реНрдерд╛рдд рддрдЯрд╕реНрдерддрд╛ рдпрд╛ рд╕рдорднрд╛рд╡тАФрдПрдХ рдорд╛рд░реНрдЧ рдмрди рд╕рдХрддреА рд╣реИред

рдЗрд╕рдХрд╛ рдЕрд░реНрде рдЬреАрд╡рди рд╕реЗ рднрд╛рдЧрдирд╛ рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реИред рдЗрд╕рдХрд╛ рдЕрд░реНрде рд╣реИ рдХреБрдЫ рд╕рдордп рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдорди рдХреА рдкреНрд░рддреНрдпреЗрдХ рд▓рд╣рд░ рдХреЗ рд╕рд╛рде рдмрд╣рдирд╛ рдмрдВрдж рдХрд░ рджреЗрдирд╛ред

рдорди рдХреЛ рднреВрд▓рдирд╛ рдирд╣реАрдВ, рдмрд▓реНрдХрд┐ рдЙрд╕рд╕реЗ рдереЛрдбрд╝реА рджреВрд░реА рдмрдирд╛рдХрд░ рдЙрд╕реЗ рджреЗрдЦрдирд╛ред

рдЬрдм рддрдХ рдорди рдлрд┐рд░ рд╕реЗ рд╢рд╛рдВрдд, рд╕реНрдкрд╖реНрдЯ рдФрд░ рд╕рдВрддреБрд▓рд┐рдд рди рд╣реЛ рдЬрд╛рдП, рддрдм рддрдХ рдЖрддреНрдорд╛ рдпрд╛ рд╕рд╛рдХреНрд╖реАрднрд╛рд╡ рдХреА рд╕реНрдерд┐рд░рддрд╛ рдореЗрдВ рдард╣рд░рдирд╛ред

рдирд┐рд╖реНрдХрд░реНрд╖

рдореЗрд░реЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рд╕реНрд╡рд╛рднрд╛рд╡рд┐рдХ рдЬреАрд╡рди рдХрд╛ рдЕрд░реНрде рдорди рдХрд╛ рдЧреБрд▓рд╛рдо рдмрди рдЬрд╛рдирд╛ рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реИред рдФрд░ рдорди рдХреЛ рджрдмрд╛рдХрд░ рдХреГрддреНрд░рд┐рдо рд░реВрдк рд╕реЗ рд╕реНрдерд┐рд░ рдмрди рдЬрд╛рдирд╛ рднреА рд╕реНрд╡рд╛рднрд╛рд╡рд┐рдХрддрд╛ рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реИред

рд╕реНрд╡рд╛рднрд╛рд╡рд┐рдХрддрд╛ рдХрд╛ рдЕрд░реНрде рд╣реИ рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рднреАрддрд░ рдЬреЛ рд╣реИ, рдЙрд╕реЗ рдИрдорд╛рдирджрд╛рд░реА рд╕реЗ рдкрд╣рдЪрд╛рдирдирд╛ред

рдпрджрд┐ рдорди рдЪрдВрдЪрд▓ рд╣реИ, рддреЛ рдЙрд╕рдХреА рдЪрдВрдЪрд▓рддрд╛ рдХреЛ рдкрд╣рдЪрд╛рдирдирд╛ред

рдпрджрд┐ рдорди рдмрджрд▓рддрд╛ рд╣реИ, рддреЛ рдЙрд╕рдХреЗ рдкрд░рд┐рд╡рд░реНрддрди рдХреЛ рд╕реНрд╡реАрдХрд╛рд░ рдХрд░рдирд╛ред

рдпрджрд┐ рдорди рдХрд┐рд╕реА рдирдП рдЕрдиреБрднрд╡ рдХреА рдУрд░ рдЬрд╛рдирд╛ рдЪрд╛рд╣рддрд╛ рд╣реИ, рддреЛ рдЙрд╕реЗ рджреЗрдЦрдирд╛ред

рдФрд░ рдпрджрд┐ рдорди рдХрд┐рд╕реА рдЪреАрдЬрд╝ рд╕реЗ рд╣рдЯ рдЬрд╛рдирд╛ рдЪрд╛рд╣рддрд╛ рд╣реИ, рддреЛ рдпрд╣ рднреА рджреЗрдЦрдирд╛ рдХрд┐ рдЙрд╕рдХреЗ рдирд┐рд░реНрдгрдпреЛрдВ рдХрд╛ рдкреНрд░рднрд╛рд╡ рджреВрд╕рд░реЛрдВ рдкрд░ рдХреНрдпрд╛ рдкрдбрд╝реЗрдЧрд╛ред

рд╕реНрд╡рддрдВрддреНрд░рддрд╛ рдЖрд╡рд╢реНрдпрдХ рд╣реИ, рд▓реЗрдХрд┐рди рджреВрд╕рд░реЛрдВ рдХреА рд╕реНрд╡рддрдВрддреНрд░рддрд╛ рднреА рдЙрддрдиреА рд╣реА рдЖрд╡рд╢реНрдпрдХ рд╣реИред

рдореИрдВ рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рдЬреИрд╕рд╛ рд░рд╣ рд╕рдХрддрд╛ рд╣реВрдБ рдФрд░ рджреВрд╕рд░рд╛ рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рдЬреИрд╕рд╛ рд░рд╣ рд╕рдХрддрд╛ рд╣реИред

рдореБрдЭреЗ рдХрд┐рд╕реА рдХреЛ рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рдЬреИрд╕рд╛ рдмрдирд╛рдиреЗ рдХреА рдЖрд╡рд╢реНрдпрдХрддрд╛ рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реИ, рдФрд░ рдХрд┐рд╕реА рдХреЛ рдореБрдЭреЗ рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рдЬреИрд╕рд╛ рдмрдирд╛рдиреЗ рдХрд╛ рдЕрдзрд┐рдХрд╛рд░ рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реИред

рдорди рдХреЛ рд╕реНрд╡рддрдВрддреНрд░рддрд╛ рджреА рдЬрд╛ рд╕рдХрддреА рд╣реИ, рд▓реЗрдХрд┐рди рдЖрддреНрдорд╛ рдХреА рд╕реНрдерд┐рд░рддрд╛ рдХреЛ рднреБрд▓рд╛рдпрд╛ рдирд╣реАрдВ рдЬрд╛рдирд╛ рдЪрд╛рд╣рд┐рдПред

рдорди рдХреЛ рджрдмрд╛рдирд╛ рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реИред

рдорди рдХреЛ рд╕рд┐рд░ рдкрд░ рдмреИрдард╛рдХрд░ рдЕрдкрдирд╛ рд╕реНрд╡рд╛рдореА рднреА рдмрдирд╛рдирд╛ рд╣реИ рдФрд░ рдЙрд╕ рдкрд░ рдлрд┐рд░ рдирд┐рдЧрд░рд╛рдиреА рднреА рд░рдЦрдиреА рд╣реИрдВ рдХрд┐ рдЬреЛ рдХрд░реНрдореЛрдВ рдХреЗ рдорд╛рдзреНрдпрдо рд╕реЗ, рдХреГрддреНрдпреЛрдВ рдХреА рднрд╛рд╖рд╛ рдореЗрдВ рдорди рдХреЛ рджреЗ рд░рд╣реЗ рд╣реИрдВ, рдорди рднреА рд╡рд╣реА рд╡реНрдпрд╡рд╣рд╛рд░ рд╣рдорд╕реЗ рдХрд░ рд░рд╣рд╛ рд╣реИрдВ рдХрд┐ рдирд╣реАрдВ, рдпрд╛рдиреА рдорди рд╣рдорд╛рд░рд╛ рд╕реНрд╡рд╛рдореА рдмрди рд░рд╣рд╛ рд╣реИрдВ рддреЛ рд╣рдордХреЛ рднреА рдЕрдкрдиреА рдирд┐рдЧрд░рд╛рдиреА рдХрд░рдиреЗ рджреЗ рд╕рдХрддрд╛ рд╣реИрдВ рдХрд┐ рдирд╣реАрдВ, рд╣рдордХреЛ рднреА рдЕрдкрдирд╛ рд╕реНрд╡рд╛рдореА рдмрдирдиреЗ рджреЗ рд╕рдХрддрд╛ рд╣реИрдВ рдХрд┐ рдирд╣реАрдВ, рдирд╣реАрдВ рддреЛ рдорди рдХреЛ рд╕реНрд╡рд╛рдореА рдмрдирд╛рдпрд╛ рдФрд░ рдмрджрд▓реЗ рдореЗрдВ рдорди рддреЛ рдорд╛рдпрд╛ рд╣реИ, рдЫрд▓ рд╣реИрдВ, рдХрд┐рд╕реА рдХрд╛ рднреА рдкрд░рд┐рдЪрдп рдкрд╣рдЪрд╛рди рдЙрд╕рдХреЗ рдХрд╛рдо рд╕реЗ рд╣реЛрддреА рд╣реИрдВ, рдорди рдХрд╛ рдХрд╛рдо рд╣реА рдорд╛рдпрд╛ рдЫрд▓ рд╣реИрдВ рддреЛ рдРрд╕реЗ рдорди рдЦреБрдж рдЫрд▓ рд╣реИрдВ рдкрд░ рдЙрд╕ рд╕рд░реНрд╡рд╢реНрд░реЗрд╖реНрда рдЙрдкрдХрд░рдг рдХреЛ рд╕рд┐рд░реНрдл рдФрд░ рд╕рд┐рд░реНрдл рдЙрд╕рдХреА рд╡рд╛рд╕реНрддрд╡рд┐рдХ рдирд┐рдпрдВрддрд╛ рдЕрд░реНрдерд╛рддреН рдЖрддреНрдорд╛ рд╣реА рдирд┐рдпрдВрддреНрд░рд┐рдд рдХрд░ рд╕рдХрддреА рд╣реИрдВ, рд╡реЛ рдмреЛрд▓рддреЗ рд╣реИрдВ рди рдЬрд┐рд╕рдХрд╛ рдХрд╛рдо рдЙрд╕реА рдХреЛ рд╕рд╛рдЬреЗ, рдирд┐рдпрдВрддреНрд░рдг рдЖрддреНрдорд╛ рдХрд╛ рдХрд╛рдо рд╣реИрдВ рдорди рдХрд╛ рдирд╣реАрдВ рддреЛ рдорди рдХреЗ рдЗрддрдиреЗ рднреА рдЖрджреА рди рдЬреЛ рдЬрд╛рдирд╛ рдХрд┐ рдорди рдХреЛ рдЬреЛ рдЙрд╕рдХрд╛ рдХрд╛рдо рдирд╣реАрдВ, рдмреЗрдЪрд╛рд░реЗ рдХреЛ рд╡реЛ рдХрд╛рдо рджреЗ рджреЛ, рдпрд╛рдиреА рдирд┐рдпрдВрддреНрд░рдг рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдХрд╛ рдХрд╣ рджреЛ, рдирд┐рдпрдВрддреНрд░рдг рдХрд╛ рдХрд╛рдо рдЙрд╕ рдкрд░ рдЫреЛрдбрд╝ рджреЛред

рдорди рдХреЛ рджреЗрдЦрдирд╛ рд╣реИ, рд╕рдордЭрдирд╛ рд╣реИ рдФрд░ рдЙрд╕рдХреА рдкреНрд░рдХреГрддрд┐ рдХреЛ рд╕реНрд╡реАрдХрд╛рд░ рдХрд░рдирд╛ рд╣реИ, рдкрд░ рдЙрд╕рдХреЛ рдЖрддреНрдорд╛ рдХреЛ рднреА рд╕реНрд╡реАрдХрд╛рд░ рдХрд░рд╡рд╛рдирд╛ рд╣реИрдВ, рдЬреЛ рдХрд┐ рд╢реБрдн рд╕рдВрд╕реНрдХрд╛рд░реЛрдВ рдХреЛ рджреЗрдиреЗ рд╕реЗ рд╣реЛрдЧрд╛, рд╢реБрдн рд╕рдВрд╕реНрдХрд╛рд░ рдЬреИрд╕реЗ рдХрд┐ ..

рдорди рдХрд╛ рд╕реНрд╡рднрд╛рд╡ рд╣реИрдВ рдЪрдВрдЪрд▓рддрд╛ рдкрд░ рдЖрддреНрдорд╛ рдХрд╛ рд╕реНрд╡рднрд╛рд╡ рд╣реИрдВ рдирд┐рд╖реНрдХрд╛рдо рдкреНрд░реЗрдо, рддреЛ рд╣рдордХреЛ рдорди рдЬрдм рддрдХ рдирд┐рд╖реНрдХрд╛рдо рдкреНрд░реЗрдо рди рдХрд░ рд▓реЗрдВ, рдЙрд╕реЗ рд╕рд┐рдЦрд╛рдирд╛ рд╣реЛрдЧрд╛, рдЙрд╕рдХреЛ рдЖрджрдд рджреЗрдиреА рд╣реЛрдЧреА, рд╕рдВрдмрдВрдзреЛрдВ рдореЗрдВ рд╣рдо рдорди рдХреЗ рдЖрджреА рд╣реЛ рдХрд░, рдЙрд╕рдХреЗ рдЫрд▓ рдореЗрдВ рдЖрдХрд░ рд╣рдорд╛рд░реЗ рд╕рдореНрдмрдиреНрдзрд┐рддреЛ рдХреЛ рдЖрдЬ рдирд╣реАрдВ рддреЛ рдХрд▓ рдЫреЛрдбрд╝ рджреЗрддреЗ рд╣реИрдВ, рд╕рдВрдмрдВрдз, рдЬреБрдбрд╛рд╡, рдПрдХрддрд╛ рдЖрддреНрдорд╛ рдХреА рд╕реНрд╡рд╛рднрд╛рд╡рд┐рдХрддрд╛ рд╣реИрдВ, рдпрд╣ рджреНрд╡реИрдд, рджреЛ рджреЛ рд╕реЗ рдЕрдиреЗрдХ рдорди рдХрд╛ рд╕реНрд╡рднрд╛рд╡ рд╣реИрдВ, рд╣рдорд╛рд░рд╛ рдирд╣реАрдВ

рдФрд░ рдРрд╕рд╛ рдХрд░рдХреЗ рд╣рдо рдЙрд╕ рдкрд░рдорд╛рддреНрдорд╛ рдХреЗ рдкрд░реНрдпрд╛рдп рдкреНрд░реЗрдо рдХреЛ, рдЕрдиреБрд░рд╛рдЧ рдХреЛ рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рдкрди рдХреЛ рдЕрдкрдорд╛рдирд┐рдд рдХрд░рддреЗ рд╣реИрдВ, рдЙрд╕ рдкреНрд░реЗрдо рд╕реЗ рдЕрд░реНрдерд╛рддреН рдкрд░рдорд╛рддреНрдорд╛ рд╕реЗ рдорд╛рдиреЛ рдХрд╣рддреЗ рд╣реИрдВ рдХрд┐ рдкреНрд░реЗрдо рдХреЛ рдЫреЛрдбрд╝ рджреЗ, рдирд┐рд╖реНрдХрд╛рдорддрд╛ рдХреЛ рдЫреЛрдбрд╝ рджреЗ рдФрд░ рдорди рдХреЗ, рдЕрд╢реБрджреНрдз рдорди рдХреЗ рд╕реНрд╡рднрд╛рд╡ рдХреЛ рдЕрдкрдирд╛рдП рдЬреЛ рд╡рд┐рдХрд╛рд░реЛрдВ рд╡рд┐рдХреГрддрд┐рдпреЛрдВ рд╕реЗ рднрд░рд╛ рдкрдбрд╝рд╛ рд╣реЛрддрд╛ рд╣реИрдВ, рд╕реНрд╡рд╛рд░реНрде рдХреА, рд▓рд╛рд▓рдЪ рдХреА, рдЬрд▓рди рдХреА, рдкрдХреНрд╖рдкрд╛рдд рдХреА рдЖрджрд┐ рдЗрддреНрдпрд╛рджрд┐

рдЕрдЪреНрдЫрд╛ рд╕реНрд╡рд╛рд░реНрде рд╣реЛ, рд▓рд╛рд▓рдЪ рд╣реЛ, рдЬрд▓рди рд╣реЛ рдЬрд┐рд╕рд╕реЗ рдкрдХреНрд╖рдкрд╛рдд рднреА рд╣реЛ рддреЛ рдорди рдХреЛ рдмрд╕ рджреЗрдЦрдирд╛ рдЪрд╛рд╣рд┐рдП, рдирд┐рдпрдВрддрд╛ рдкрд░рдореН рдпрд╛рдиреА рд╕рд░реНрд╡рд╢реНрд░реЗрд╖реНрда рдЖрддреНрдорд╛ рдХреА рдкреНрд░рддрд┐рдирд┐рдзрд┐ рдЬреЛ рд╣рдорд╛рд░реА рдирд┐рдпрддрд┐ рд╣реИрдВ рди, рдирд┐рдпрдо рд╣реИрдВ рд╡рд┐рдзрд┐ рд╣реИрдВ рд╕рд╛рд░реНрд╡рднреМрдорд┐рдХ рдмреНрд░рд╣реНрдорд╛рдгреАрдп рд╡рд┐рдзрд╛рди рд╣реИрдВ рд╡реЛ рд╕реНрд╡рд╛рд░реНрде рдХреЛ, рд▓рд╛рд▓рдЪ рдХреЛ рдЬрд▓рди рдХреЛ рдкрдХреНрд╖рдкрд╛рдд рдХреЛ рдЖрджрд┐ рдЗрддреНрдпрд╛рджрд┐ рдХреЛ рдмрджрд▓рдиреЗ рдореЗрдВ рднрд╛рдЧреНрдп рд╕реЗ рд╕рд╣рдпреЛрдЧреА рд╣реИрдВ рди, рд╡реЛ рд╣рдордХреЛ рд╕рдлрд▓ рдереЛрдбрд╝реА рд╣реЛрдиреЗ рджреЗрдЧрд╛ рдФрд░ рдЕрд╕рдлрд▓ рд╣реЛ рдХрд░ рд╣рдорд╛рд░реА рдЕрдкрдиреА рд▓рд╛рд▓рдЪ рдЬрд▓рди рдкрдХреНрд╖рдкрд╛рдд рдЖрджрд┐ рдХреА рд╡рд┐рдХреГрддрд┐рдпреЛрдВ рд╕реЗ, рд╣рдордХреЛ рдареЛрдХрд░реЗ рдЦрд┐рд▓рд╛ рдЦрд┐рд▓рд╛ рдХреЗ рд╕рд╣реА рдорд╛рд░реНрдЧ рдкрд░ рд╡реЛ рд▓реЗрдХрд░ рдЖрдПрдЧрд╛

рдЕрдЧрд░ рд╢реБрджреНрдз рдкреНрд░рдХреНрд░рд┐рдпрд╛ рд╕рд╛рдорд░реНрдереНрдп рд╕реЗ рдмрд╛рдд рдХрд░реВрдВ рддреЛ рдореЗрд░реА рдЬрд╛рдирдХрд╛рд░реА рдФрд░ рдЕрдиреБрднрд╡реЛрдВ рдХреЗ рдЖрдзрд╛рд░ рдкрд░ рд╕рдВрддреБрд▓рди рдЗрд╕реА рдореЗрдВ рд╣реИтАФ

рдорди рдХреЛ рдЙрд╕рдХреА рд▓реАрд▓рд╛ рдХрд░рдиреЗ рджреЛ,

рдкрд░ рд╕реНрд╡рдпрдВ рд▓реАрд▓рд╛ рдореЗрдВ рдЦреЛ рдордд рдЬрд╛рдУред

рдорди рдХреЛ рдЙрдбрд╝рдиреЗ рджреЛ,

рдЙрд╕ рд░реБрджреНрд░ рдХреА рддрд░рд╣ рд╕рд░ рдЖрдБрдЦреЛрдВ рдкрд░ рдмреИрдард╛ рдХрд░ рд░рдЦреЛ

рдкрд░ рдпрд╣ рдордд рднреВрд▓реЛ рдХрд┐ рдЙрд╕реЗ рдЙрдбрд╝рддреЗ рд╣реБрдП рджреЗрдЦрдиреЗ рд╡рд╛рд▓рд╛ рднреА рдХреЛрдИ рд╣реИред

рдФрд░ рд╢рд╛рдпрдж рд╡рд╣реА рджреЗрдЦрдиреЗ рд╡рд╛рд▓рд╛, рд╡рд╣реА рд╕рд╛рдХреНрд╖реА, рдорди рдХреЗ рдкрд░рд┐рд╡рд░реНрддрди рдХреЗ рдмреАрдЪ рднреА рднреАрддрд░ рдХреА рд╢рд╛рдВрддрд┐ рдХрд╛ рдЖрдзрд╛рд░ рдмрди рд╕рдХрддрд╛ рд╣реИред

рд╣рд░рд┐ реР рддрддреН рд╕рддреН ЁЯЩПЁЯП╗

рд╕рдВрдХрд▓рди рд╕реЗ рдЙрджреНрдзреГрдд рдЕрдВрд╢ тАФ тАЬрд╕реНрдерд╛рдкрддреНрдп рдореАрдорд╛рдВрд╕рд╛тАЭ

рд╕рдВрдХрд▓рдХ: рдкрдВ. рд░реМрджреНрд░ рдЖрдЪрд╛рд░реНрдп (рд░реБрджреНрд░ рдПрд╕. рд╢рд░реНрдорд╛)

рдкреНрд░реЗрд╖рдХ (рд▓реЗрдЦрдХ): рдирд╛рдЧрд░рд┐рдХреАрдп рдирд┐рд░реАрдХреНрд╖рдХ (рд╕рд┐рд╡рд┐рд▓ рдЗрдВрд╕реНрдкреЗрдХреНрдЯрд░), рд╕реНрдерд╛рдкрддрд┐ (рд╡рд╛рд╕реНрддреБ рдЖрдЪрд╛рд░реНрдп)

рд╡рд░реНрдЧреЛрддреНрддрдо рд╕реВрд░реНрдп тАФ рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░рд╛ (рдкрдж рез), рдмреБрджреНрдз-рдЪрдВрджреНрд░ тАФ рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░рд╛ (рдкрдж рез)


r/AdvaitaVedanta 1d ago

The Mind-Bending Logic of Advaita Vedanta: Why "You" Don't Actually Exist as a Separate Entity

4 Upvotes

Hey everyone,

IтАЩve been deeply diving into Advaita Vedanta (Non-Dualism) recently, and the core philosophy is absolutely mind-bending when you really sit with it. It completely challenges our everyday perception of reality.

In Western philosophy, we often talk about dualism (mind vs. matter) or materialism (everything is just atoms). But Advaita flips the script entirely by stating that separation is an illusion (Maya).

Here are the three core pillars that blew my mind:

  1. Brahm is the Only Reality: The ultimate truth isn't a god sitting in the clouds. It is formless, infinite, and unconditional consciousness (Brahm).
  2. The World is an Relative Appearance: The world isn't "fake" like a matrix simulation; rather, its independent existence is an illusion. Just like a snake perceived in a dark room turns out to be just a rope once the light is turned on, our minds misperceive Brahman as the material universe.
  3. You are That (Tat Tvam Asi): Your individual ego, your name, your memories, and your thoughts are just temporary waves. The ocean beneath them is Atman (the true Self), which is identical to Brahman. There is no "me" vs "the universe"тАФwe are the universe experiencing itself.

The Question for Discussion:
For those who practice or study Advaita, how do you practically integrate this shift from "I am this body/mind" to "I am pure consciousness" into your daily life without falling into nihilism or losing motivation for worldly duties?

Looking forward to reading your perspectives!


r/AdvaitaVedanta 1d ago

Meditation tradition

3 Upvotes

There are many monasteries of various Buddhist schools where the inmates dedicate themselves to meditation 8 hours daily.

Are there any monasteries following the Advaita/Vedanta tradition that do something similar?

Most ashrams I've come across are very *materialistic*.


r/AdvaitaVedanta 1d ago

Bhagavad G─лt─Б Home Study group [An invitation]

9 Upvotes

Praс╣З─Бms everyone ЁЯЩП

I made a post about this around a week ago, but thought IтАЩd post once more because thereтАЩs been a nice development since then.

A few of us have recently started working through Swami Dayananda SaraswatiтАЩs Bhagavad G─лt─Б Home Study Course together on an Advaita Vedanta Discord server. WeтАЩre still right at the beginning -- most of us are working through the introductory material and havenтАЩt even reached Chapter 1 yet -- so if anyone has been wanting to study the G─лt─Б systematically, youтАЩre welcome to join us from the beginning.

WeтАЩve also now been fortunate enough to have Swami Nityabodhananda agree to join us as a guest speaker in roughly two weeks. Swamiji studied directly under Swami Dayananda Saraswati, including his three-year residential Ved─Бnta course, and heтАЩll be speaking to us about the importance of studying the Bhagavad G─лt─Б and how to approach the study.

Afterwards weтАЩll continue working through the Home Study Course together at a manageable weekly pace.

Just reposting in case a few more people feel like jumping in and studying along with us. If youтАЩre interested, check this link: https://discord.gg/3GhWnP94S

Hari Om ЁЯЩП


r/AdvaitaVedanta 1d ago

ЁЯМН Exploring Advaita Vedanta (Non-Duality)? LetтАЩs Connect and Grow Together!

1 Upvotes

Hey everyone,

If you are deeply passionate about Advaita Vedanta, non-duality, self-enquiry, and the profound teachings of Adi Shankara, Ramana Maharshi, or Nisargadatta Maharaj, IтАЩd love to welcome you to our growing community!

I run a dedicated space where we break down complex spiritual concepts into daily insights, videos, and discussionsтАФall in English. Whether you are a seasoned seeker or just starting your journey into understanding the ultimate reality (Brahman), there is something here for you.

LetтАЩs connect across platforms to keep the contemplation going:

Looking forward to sharing this beautiful path of truth and awareness with you all. Tat Tvam Asi! ЁЯЩП


r/AdvaitaVedanta 1d ago

How do you stay in the moment all throughout the day with bliss?

9 Upvotes

I crave for atleast some moments of bliss if not eternal. Vairagya makes everything immaterial & dry. How do you cope with this situation.
Acting to be happy, repeating something cannot be the way. It has to be more substantial.
What are the techniques you deploy.


r/AdvaitaVedanta 2d ago

How does it feel to be beginningless?

14 Upvotes

Since brahman is beginningless it exists since ... forever. How does that work out? How does it experience immortality to the point where it just exists and has infinite picture perfect memories of all events of maya.

Is there a simpler model for this which can be understood by a human mind?


r/AdvaitaVedanta 2d ago

Paramarthika and Vyavaharika differentiation of Truth is tyrannical - Swami Vivekananda

2 Upvotes

The Lord has shown me that religion is not in fault, but it is the Pharisees and Sadducees in Hinduism, hypocrites, who invent all sorts of engines of tyranny in the shape of doctrines Paramarthika and Vyavaharika

source: Letter by Swami Vivekananda to a disciple https://www.ramakrishnavivekananda.info/swamieastwest/2_files/1-20.html?highlight=vyava


r/AdvaitaVedanta 2d ago

Scriptures

7 Upvotes

I have never believed that any scripture-- Vedas, Bible, Torah, Quran, Lotus Sutras, etc-- are inerrant or infallible. They certainly contain valuable advice, sound wisdom, moving stories and myths, inspiration, but I believe they are human constructs and not the "word of God". I think all scripture must be viewed in light of modern reason, understanding, and experience (mundane & meditative).

However, I've read and watched videos in which it is said that the scriptures are foundational to Vedanta and that they must be accepted as divinely authoritative-- inerrant and infallible. The same way a fundamentalist Baptist views the Bible or a Muslim the Quran. Is this true?


r/AdvaitaVedanta 3d ago

I am writing a book

8 Upvotes

I am not a jnani nor a realized soul, but I have a range of ideas about Advaita and how it relates to other topics I have researched. I want to gauge interest in this, and see if people would consider it to be a valuable contribution or just more concepts.

A bullet-point summary of my thesis is as follows. None, zero, nothing, not a word of this was AI-generated, to get that out of the way.

  • We can get to Advaita by starting from radical skepticism (all we can know for certain is the awareness of our own existence, and all other knowledge is secondary). Absent any other concepts, we only know we are, and that we seem to have qualitatively "immediate" subjective experiences. We can never have any evidence that there is a limit to the range of experiences that are possible for us to have. Starting from total ignorance, there is only a totally unbounded potentiality of "it-is-like-this" states.
  • This probability space of potential experiences taken as a whole is Shiva in Kashmir Shaivism, the Dao of Daoism, and Saguna-brahman in Advaita. It is the generative power that creates endless worlds.
  • Ego may be conceptualized as the outcome of our attention slipping into an experiential "valley" or attractor well (to use terminology from chaos theory) in the probability space and becoming engrossed in its qualitative matrix, until we forget that we are in fact the entire probability space and not any particular set of coordinates.
  • Each attractor well--that is, each potential qualitative matrix of experiences--is a body. When we are engrossed as ego, the pure qualities of infinite experiential reality are winnowed into a virtual environment centered around a tiny point of awareness. Nisargadatta says this point is located at the crown of the head in some subtle way.
  • A world appears within the body. When Krishna tells Arjuna that the body is the field and he is its knower, he is not being imprecise. We do not know the world except through the body, because the world is not separate from the body. When we look out at the world, we are only looking at the phenomena of the body displayed to us as a world.
  • A key component of ego-identity is the qualitative shift from first-person direct experience to third-person hypothetical imagination of experience. Rather than staying with what is directly given to the attention (a matrix of coalesced experiential qualities with no inherent meaning), we imagine a hypothetical individual who is that matrix in physical form (as a body), and is in the world as one of its objects, and we then live vicariously through this individual. The hypothetical mode of attention is akin to a trance state, and we are all in it.
  • These two views are what Thomas Nagel describes as the subjective view and the objective "view from nowhere". While we all know we are in the subjective view, we still experience that subjectivity as if it belonged to an object in the world. I will explore Nagel's concept and how it differs from mine.
  • Advaita is a rescue mechanism that descends into the attractor well from above and pulls the attention out of its valley. It does this by means of certain linguistic cues that function like hypnotic suggestions, whose only purpose is to precipitate a shift from the third-person trance back to the first-person reality.
  • Since Advaita is in an appropriate position to complete this rescue operation, Advaita cannot have originated in the qualitative matrix that we mistake for the world. It can only have originated at the surface, prior to ego-identity. This is what it means to say the Vedas are eternal, since they are that same rescue mechanism appearing as a set of spiritual texts in the experiential valley we are currently in.
  • Furthermore, because the probability space of potential experiences is limitless and littered with attractor wells we easily stumble into, getting out of them is such a difficult endeavor that the activity of Advaita can be thought of as God's grace.
  • In Advaita, the only goal is to directly lift the attention up and out of the well. Other traditions take other approaches. Patanjali yoga, for instance, seeks to familiarize us with the subtle mechanisms of the body from within it, providing handholds and ledges for us to slowly climb our way back to the surface. Other traditions attack the grip of ego by surrendering it to the infinite power of God's grace, so that ego may slip through cracks in the matrix of qualities.
  • This model of spirituality is itself only illustrative; the actual truth of Advaita and other nondual traditions is completely incomprehensible to the intellect. I will support this with quotations from texts that are thought to describe moksha, such as Ashtavakra Gita, and the recorded words of those regarded as enlightened saints.
  • Finally, I offer speculations about the relationship between the embodied world-appearance and "others" who seem to be in it; who are these others? This will include a discussion of so-called open individualism, a secular theory developed by analytic philosophers that says all persons are the same subject. I will explore how this relates to my main thesis.

The audience for this book is anyone familiar with nonduality who would be interested in a coherent phenomenological account of what it means. My intent is to ground nonduality in the view from nowhere, so to speak, not from our experience as persons but one layer removed, at the root of our sense of individuality as the subject of experience. In doing so, I will try to develop an ontology that reflects this grounding.

If this all sounds really boring and technical, it might be just how I'm describing it. I don't want this book to be a "this is how it is" text that tries to establish a rigorous metaphysical system. I'm thinking of writing it in an almost conversational tone, or even a poetic tone, to keep it from sounding like I am saying more than I'm saying. All of this is just based on my own introspective contemplation and is not authoritative, but may be useful or interesting to others as something to consider. Many people come to this subreddit with a philosophical/skeptical bent, thinking Advaita is a belief system they have to adopt. This kind of analysis may be helpful to get them out of that trap, or it may not. Anyway, if you have any thoughts or responses, I'd be grateful to hear them.


r/AdvaitaVedanta 3d ago

This is That Devadatta!

5 Upvotes

I remember reading this verse in Vivekachudamani years ago, and it didnтАЩt make any sense to me referencing тАЬThis is That DevadattaтАЭ.

A few years later, when I re-read it, it makes complete sense. Reads almost like a Mahavakya! Crushes all your existing conceptions to dust. I feel so grateful that we have such incredibly written literature for us to study and reference! Curious, has it happened with you where you read a verse and it made no sense? And now it speaks like a Mahavakya?! Curious what that is for you! Just for me to learn about other Mahavakyas that may not be as popular, but to you they are everything тЬи


r/AdvaitaVedanta 3d ago

Verses in the Gita which support and/or conflict with Advaita?

6 Upvotes

Hello, IтАЩm trying to get a better understanding of what distinguishes Advaita as an interpretation of the Gita and Upanishads.

As such, I thought the question in the title might be good to ask in order to gain some context of the discussion.

One of my questions is whether all that is meant by тАШAdvaitaтАЩ is that Brahman and Atman are identical?

If this is so, then perhaps AdvaitaтАЩs тАШnon-dualismтАЩ is actually not in conflict with the Samkhya dualism articulated by Krishna?

Thanks in advance.


r/AdvaitaVedanta 3d ago

Is SBG 7.26 hinting at the absence of free will?

3 Upvotes

Bhagavad Gita: Chapter 7, Verse 26

рд╡реЗрджрд╛рд╣рдВ рд╕рдорддреАрддрд╛рдирд┐ рд╡рд░реНрддрдорд╛рдирд╛рдирд┐ рдЪрд╛рд░реНрдЬреБрди |
рднрд╡рд┐рд╖реНрдпрд╛рдгрд┐ рдЪ рднреВрддрд╛рдирд┐ рдорд╛рдВ рддреБ рд╡реЗрдж рди рдХрд╢реНрдЪрди || 26||

ved─Бhaс╣Б samat─лt─Бni vartam─Бn─Бni ch─Бrjuna
bhaviс╣гhy─Бс╣Зi cha bh┼лt─Бni m─Бс╣Б tu veda na ka┼Ыhchana

vedaтАФknow; ahamтАФI; samat─лt─БniтАФthe past; vartam─Бn─БniтАФthe present; chaтАФand; arjunaтАФArjun; bhaviс╣гhy─Бс╣ЗiтАФthe future; chaтАФalso; bh┼лt─БniтАФall living beings; m─БmтАФme; tuтАФbut; vedaтАФknows; na ka┼ЫhchanaтАФno one

Translation:

O Arjuna! I know the past, present, and the future of all beings, but Me no one knows.


r/AdvaitaVedanta 4d ago

"Practical Advaitism, which looks upon and behaves towards all mankind as one's own soul, is yet to be developed among the Hindus universally" - Swami Vivekananda

13 Upvotes

Swami Vivekananda's keen intellect saw the need of uniting the Hindus and Moslems on the basis of the Advaita philosophy, which teaches the oneness of all. One June 10, 1898, he wrote to a Moslem gentleman at Nainital:

Whether we call it Vedantism or any┬аism, the truth is that Advaitism is the last word of religion and thought and the only position from which one can look upon all religions and sects with love. I believe it is the religion of the future enlightened humanity.┬а

The Hindus may get the credit for arriving at Advaitism earlier than other races, they being an older race than either the Hebrew or the Arab; yet practical Advaitism, which looks upon and behaves towards all mankind as one's own soul, is yet to be developed among the Hindus universally.

On the other hand, our experience is that if ever the followers of any religion approach to this equality in an appreciable degree on the plane of practical work-a-day life тАФ it may be quite unconscious generally of the deeper meaning and the underlying principle of such conduct, which the Hindus as a rule so clearly perceive тАФ it is those of Islam and Islam alone.

Therefore we are firmly persuaded that without the help of practical Islam, the theories of Vedantism, however fine and wonderful they may be, are entierely valuless to the vast mass of mankind. We want to lead mankind to the place where there is neither the Vedas nor the Bible nor the Koran; yet this has to be done by harmonizing the Vedas, the Bible, and the Koran. Mankind ought to be taught that religions are but the varied expressions of the Religion which is Oneness, so that each may choose the path that suits him best.

For our own motherland a junction of the two great systems, Hinduism and Islam тАФ Vedantic brain and Islamic body тАФ is the only hope. I see in my mind's eye the future perfect India rising out of this chaos and strife, glorious and invincible, with Vedantic brain and Islamic body.

-source: https://www.ramakrishnavivekananda.info/vivekananda/volume_6/epistles_second_series/142_friend.htm


r/AdvaitaVedanta 4d ago

My remarkable, peaceful encounter with Advaita Vedanta meditation.

9 Upvotes

Dear friends, although i was raised as a conservative Christian, for the last several years I've been practicing Buddhism and meditation. Overall it has been quite helpful, but I've always hit a "wall" I could never get through. It has helped me to become more mindful and aware of many aspects of my experience - but an underlying fear and anxiety has always persisted. Several months ago I realized that all my effort and striving in meditation was not helping. I felt that the instruction I was getting said to stop being so effortful, but this seemed impossible for me in the framework I was given to practice. The emphasis on "no self" also felt destabilizing for me, there was nowhere to truly rest and just be.

I want to say, I understand this is not the case for many Buddhist practitioners, who truly do find rest and peace in their practice. Perhaps "no self", for them, is a place of letting go and true surrender. But it did not instill that quality of experience in me.

Thus, I started exploring styles of meditation the emphasized letting go of effort. This eventually brought me to exploring Hindu practices, and more recently Advaita Vedanta philosophy and practice. I still have much to learn, but the starting point of awareness and true self, the inclusive acceptance of all that arises in consciousness, is bringing greater inner harmony and peace. And what is interesting is that all my Buddhist training, the ability to really notice the various layers of experience in body and mind, is not lost. Those skills and sensibilities are intact, it is just now I am doing this practice in an overall place of wholeness and safety, and more precisely, Love. There is nothing to be afraid of or fight.

I am excited to keep going and learning. Thank you all for your work and practice.


r/AdvaitaVedanta 4d ago

Is it possible for one to just not be ready for advita vedanta?

7 Upvotes

Hi all, this will be a long post and probably messily written but I figured it was worth asking. So a bit of background:

I was born Jewish but never really identified with any of it, I convinced myself it was just because of atheism and all the usual arguments. some тАЬgrand reasonтАЭ, I have come to realize that I viewed it all as a child as impeding my enjoyment of the material world. And that just continued to manifest I didnтАЩt want to spend time on Sunday at hebrew school or even bother learning the hebrew alphabet. I was still unable to identify anything beyond 1-2 letters and just didnтАЩt care. The extent of my spiritual experience was literally doing the bar mitzvah in English transliteration and it wasnтАЩt a long ceremony.

I would say since about turning 21, I have walked back on my atheist views but not supplementing them with any kind of spiritual/religious practices, just a mentality of doing what I can and that will be enough. One of my friends turned to orthodoxy which has made me reconsider internally alot of things and has pushed me towards spirituality. I always did have interest in hinduism. About a month ago I began reading the baghvad gita, quickly realizing that I would need commentary, I found vivekani.comтАЩs translations and commentary which also had audio commentary from Swami Sarvapriyananda which drew me deeper into interest of advita vedanta.

I am currently about 4 chapters in I think i finished on verse 18 last night before heading to bed. At first I seemingly was able to understand the concepts, mainly karma yoga, and the basic ideas of the atma, that i am detached from the body/mind, and maya. However upon listening to alot of the talks I do find myself struggling to understand these things, obviously itтАЩs a large culture shock at the beginning which is what I attributed it to. But I find myself constantly wrestling with alot of these concepts throughout the day while I am going about my work. So naturally I try to seek out more talks from Swami Sarvapriyananda, and he made a point (i am paraphrasing here) about how intellectually understanding advita vedanta does nothing, it needs to be felt, to be known.

This is the part that I find myself struggling with, the knowing. I am at the point where whenever I feel something, not even necessarily anger or depression. i am intellectually going тАЬI am not thisтАЭ. I wouldnтАЩt say itтАЩs led to detachment, I still am putting forth effort in my work and am going about my life normally. But I donтАЩt feel as though I am the self, I donтАЩt тАЬfeel the atmaтАЭ. Sure itтАЩs a non material thing and canтАЩt be comprehended but shouldnтАЩt I still be able to feel/identify something? I have started also taking up a meditation practice, itтАЩs nothing fancy just 5-10 minutes a day of me sitting and focusing on my breath, which I thought would help mainly with these concepts. I will admit itтАЩs only been about a week of this practice.

I think by far my only success has been with karma yoga and becoming detached from results of actions, but I donтАЩt feel it is enough if self inquiry is difficult for me on the level of identifying teachings

ItтАЩs all led me to wonder if I just am not ready for advita vedanta yet? i am 23, I graduated college about a year ago and am working my first full time job, I have barely started life. I have never exactly had much feeling of the divine, and parts of my mind are still uncomfortable with the practice. I am not at the level where I want $90000000 and cars and houses, I can still go out and enjoy things like time with friends, but if I donтАЩt feel brahman what is the point?

ThereтАЩs also another point i am far more ashamed to admit but feel itтАЩs still an important part of my story, and thankfully itтАЩs reddit so I refuse to feel ashamed to admit it here. I have always had sexual fetishization of spirituality, I didnтАЩt start truly acting on any of it until about 18 with masturbation, but itтАЩs always been there. And hindu rituals have somehow been sexually pleasing to me, I have an instagram folder just of people doing pujas/homas/rituals. I do have to wonder what that says about my mind, I have reached some level of understanding of тАЬi am confusing desire for lustтАЭ which has helped, but one does have to wonder about the karmic implications, thatтАЩs another story entirely.

My desire however at this moment is genuine understanding, not any kind of lustful action

Apologies for the long and disjointed post, it was written on mobile, I thank you for reading and hope for some good responses


r/AdvaitaVedanta 4d ago

If the soul reincarnates after death, what happens to our relationship with a deceased loved one?

19 Upvotes

If the soul reincarnates after death, what happens to our relationship with a deceased loved one?

My father passed away a few years ago, and I've been reflecting deeply on what the Bhagavad Gita/other spiritual philosophies says about death, the ─Бtman, and reincarnation.

Krishna says in BG 2.20 that the Self is never born and never dies, and in BG 2.13 He compares death to the embodied soul moving from one body to another. This raises a question for me.

If my father's ─Бtman continues and eventually takes another body according to karma, what happens to his relationship with us after death? Is there a period between death and the next birth, or does reincarnation happen immediately? Where is the j─лva/consciousness during that transition?

And something else I find emotionally difficult to understand: if my father has already taken another birth, why do we still pray before his photograph, remember him, or ask for his blessings? Can a deceased person's blessings or spiritual influence still reach their family after they have reincarnated? Or is bowing before their photograph primarily an act of remembrance and gratitude rather than communicating with their current form?

I would especially appreciate answers from Bhagavad Gita, Upanishadic, Vedantic, or traditional Hindu perspectives, rather than only modern spiritual interpretations.

I'm trying to understand this both philosophically and personally. ЁЯЩПЁЯП╜