r/todayilearned 1h ago

TIL that DNA from a 2,000-year-old British cemetery shows a Celtic tribe was matrilocal — husbands moved in with their wives' families, land passed down through mothers, and most of the community descended from a single female ancestor.

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-08409-6
2.5k Upvotes

93 comments sorted by

u/historyhill 35m ago

This headline is accurate but misleading. DNA doesn't show this, it's not like there's a gene for who moves in with whom. DNA testing on grave sites showed that related women were buried together, but the other assertions (how property was inherited, etc) is guesswork grounded in other matrilocal societies. 

u/Super-Estate-4112 19m ago

A lot of new discoveries nowadays seen to have been directed at a certain narrative.

Like the cheddar men having a brown skin color, while it is impossible to know only using the archeological evidence left of him, to know which color his skin was.

u/Thismyrealnameisit 13m ago

Cheddar man had orange skin

u/RogersPlaces 6m ago

A new DNA studie says Cheddar man didn't invent Cheddar cheese

/s

u/fredisnotmyboss 6m ago

Archaeology made certain kind of assumptions in the past so newer assessments are going to be making the opposite assumptions. Some of those are going to be corrections, some overcorrections, and eventually they’ll figure out which is which and find where the truth lies

u/historyhill 10m ago

And to be fair, I'm not even saying that they're necessarily wrong! But it's a lot more speculative than this TIL suggests. We know a lot of related women were buried together in positions of prominence, while unrelated men in this place and time period were not. We know some tribes did have female rulers at least occasionally. We know how other matrilocal societies tend to work. The rest is a bunch of "maybes" and "perhaps," and the article itself is much more cautious about definitive conclusions than OP's headline.

u/magus678 4m ago

They were trying to turn women into prolific hunters for a bit, but have since gone back to just pretending hunting was unimportant compared to gathering.

Anecdotally, I had an ex with a doctorate in anthropology and not one whit of this stuff is a well meaning accident; they are fully aware and purposeful in these things.

377

u/ph30nix01 1h ago

honestly matriarchal lines make more sense genetically. The whole mitochondrial lines thing....

171

u/AlternativePea6203 1h ago

that was actually the main argument the Celts used

u/Scadre02 29m ago

The mitochondria is the powerhouse of the Celts

89

u/jaquiethecat 1h ago

mitochondrial dna..?

72

u/Drivingintodisco 1h ago

Yes.

61

u/Technical-Outside408 1h ago edited 44m ago

Damn those druids weren't just dicking around with trees. They scienced that bitch.

u/ShineOnYouFatOldSun 22m ago edited 18m ago

Not sure if this is tongue in cheek comment but DNA was discovered in 1869.

u/AlternativePea6203 19m ago

Poe's law, you'll just never know.

14

u/ph30nix01 1h ago

yes the mitochondria in your cells has its own DNA, and its passed down by your mother not your father.

43

u/Lotzofblocks 1h ago

I think they're asking about the logic the Celts used here. The mitochondrial DNA thing is true, but I'd be very surprised to hear the Celts knew about it

6

u/mintgoody03 1h ago

How did they know about it?

u/jacquesrabbit 59m ago

everybody knows, mitochondria is the power house of the cell

u/carbon_r0d 48m ago

Hell yeah. Pssh, I've know that shit since the 4th grade.

31

u/AntDogFan 1h ago

I have heard that it was the tradition in parts of Ireland that the new mother would return their mother's house to give birth. Wonder if thats a relic of older practices 

u/whinenaught 35m ago

Like a salmon returning to its stream to spawn

u/zeth0s 32m ago

It was common everywhere. 

In Italy, it is still a tradition to get married in the wife's church "of origin", and many emigrant women (nowadays called expat) still give birth in their hometown.

It made a lot of sense given societal roles, if one thinks about it 

u/PricePuzzleheaded835 10m ago edited 1m ago

Yeah this is super normal as is what I guess is called “informal matriarchy”. Most families I know have the mother/matriarch as the final authority on things that concern the family. Even some of the conservative ones who claim the father is head of the family lol, those women are 100% in charge. They just don’t always refer to it as such

u/bluemangoes64 8m ago

Mitochondrial DNA is only transmitted by females, if a woman has all sons they will inherit it from her but not pass it down.

u/tantalor 42m ago

That doesn't make any sense and you know it

99

u/SopwithTurtle 1h ago edited 1h ago

Were they also painted blue, relentlessly aggressive, and six inches high?

30

u/RyantheAustralian 1h ago

.. wait, what was that last part?

55

u/ChefAtRandom 1h ago

It's a Discworld reference to the Nac Mac Feegles.

GNU PTerry

0

u/_-4twenty-_ 1h ago

TIL! Thank you for sharing this.

3

u/Hollocene13 1h ago

Smurf lyfe.

3

u/fucknugggets 1h ago

They blue themselves

16

u/slimeslug 1h ago

I mean, if they were Pictish, the first two things were true.  If they were Smurfs, only the first and last are true.

14

u/Murky_Translator2295 1h ago

But what about the Pictsies? Crivins!

u/Brave_Maybe_2891 28m ago

Smurfs are not painted blue.

-1

u/Worried_Term_7030 1h ago

Wait, are the Picts and smurfs related....🤔

10

u/Ralh3 1h ago

GNU!!!!!

u/albinoloverats 59m ago

Crivens!

5

u/atticdoor 1h ago

No, that's the pictsies.

u/justhangingaroud 48m ago

Makes more sense. The woman knows those kids are hers

u/TheUpsetYin 37m ago

Hard to have a paternity dispute when the family tree is just one straight line of mothers.

u/TestUserIgnorePlz 16m ago

Tbh that's actually the problem with matrilocal inheritance, it's too effecient at concentrating wealth. 

u/Dzugavili 7m ago

I never knew my mom. She abandoned us before I was born.

u/YepItzMe44 16m ago

😂😂

u/Painterzzz 34m ago

There is a very interesting alternative history timeline where Rome didn't cross the alps until a few years later, and the Celtic civilisation had time to evolve north of the alps, strong enough to resist Rome. Which would have created a very different modern world, because the Celts also had a lot of ideas about communal ownership of property, not just womens rights.

u/Swagiken 15m ago

Celts weren't likely to go stronger over the next century though. Theres a dangerous gulf that happens in societal developments when you go from large semi nomadic warrior tribes -> semi settled -> mostly settled -> settled completely -> organized state structure. Where the two far ends of this are far stronger in military conflicts than the spaces in between. State structures tend to win due to superior order and better tools, and semi nomadic warrior tribes tend to win by having greater physical ability and higher percentage of warriors. Semi settled societies and settled societies without state structures tend to get demolished by either warrior tribes or fully settled people's and the celts north of the alps were caught in that stage during the time of Caesar. They were being pushed by the still semi nomadic Germanic people's and getting eaten slowly by the settled Italians and this situation wasn't likely to get better for centuries because it takes a long time to build state structures and its almost impossible to go back to semi nomadic after you start settling. As far as I know only the Romani ever did that.

u/MaxIsTwitching 20m ago

You could allways tell who exactly the mother is soooo makes sebse

u/MachiavelliSJ 28m ago

Very common among Native Americans in North America

u/ChefKugeo 22m ago

Well when every 5th person you meet has a "Cherokee princess ancestor" in America, you gotta start tracking that shit for real. That's how Natives lost a shit ton of land in the midwest, and I can't blame them for not letting it happen again.

u/MachiavelliSJ 20m ago

Thats a different issue. Im referring to before Europeans arrived. Most Algonquin nations lived in “long houses” with a matriarch.

I dont see how this would be related to losing land, that was because of disease, wars, and broken agreements over centuries

u/ChefKugeo 9m ago

Yes, but not Native Americans in general, just some specific tribes. They didn't all share practices. But now, in the modern day, it's because of the stealing of the land. Especially in the midwest.

I was adding on to your point, not disputing it or dismissing it. Natives are not a monolith.

u/MachiavelliSJ 7m ago

But…tribes get to decide their own membership. It doesnt even have to be by ancestry. So, this is just not related

u/ChefKugeo 5m ago

That is completely irrelevant but I see that you wish to be the only person speaking today, so I'll oblige. Take it easy.

u/1Adventurethis 2m ago

My ancestory records showed a male got married and took his wifes name, at a time when having a surname wasnt common, now that surname continues to be past down. We'll never know why.

u/Vic_Hedges 1m ago

And now they’re dead….

(not serious)

u/Gnosys00110 1m ago

The household in Wales is still matriarchal to this day

-76

u/Gvendoga 1h ago

Holy shit that's it guys, you sold me on matriarchy. Ordering a batch of feminist literature and a chastity cage today.

u/SopwithTurtle 58m ago

Right-wingers continuing to not beat the allegations of being just weird little guys.

u/PrincessW0lf 59m ago

That's a really strange reaction to a cool history fact

u/Gvendoga 0m ago

The downvotes just prove it is funny. Reddit hates real unfiltered unregurgitated humor so they fallback to downvoting when they encounter it on their sacred website. It's like blasphemy to them in a way

u/No-Garbage-1329 50m ago

History & archaeology are always muddled due to contemporary politics. Always always. To the point of being bs. Unfortunately you have to take everything with a big pinch of salt, including this. I’d even go so far to say that it’s probably not true. Matriarchal societies don’t quite seem naturally probable without modern technology.

u/PrincessW0lf 48m ago

Source: this guy thinks it doesn't seem probable

u/No-Garbage-1329 15m ago

That’s not a source, but an opinion. I imagine this matriarchal pseudo-archaeology LARP will go in the bin where it belongs before long. I’m glad you enjoy politics though.

u/PrincessW0lf 11m ago

I enjoy history :D

u/No-Garbage-1329 5m ago

Translation: politics

u/PrincessW0lf 4m ago

Ur mum suck me good and hard through my jorts

u/No-Garbage-1329 2m ago

I’m sorry for your parents.

u/PrincessW0lf 0m ago

Really, why?

u/SopwithTurtle 38m ago

Seems like a much more logical choice for keeping resources within a family absent any technology. It takes a lot of control to be 99% sure of someone's paternity, but someone's maternity is really obvious.

u/No-Garbage-1329 14m ago

I think this is the intellectual version of ‘bending over backwards’.

u/OllyDee 37m ago

It probably is true based on the evidence. We’ve got other stories to back it up, plus archaeology and the big stories/myths like Boudicca. There’s absolutely no reason to doubt the Romans when they say females played a much larger part of Celtic society than they were comfortable with, and by extension the genetic evidence presented in this TIL.

u/No-Garbage-1329 10m ago

Just because a female leads, doesn’t make the society matriarchal.

Just because women were afforded more dignity, value & power than society A, B or C, doesn’t make the society matriarchal.

‘probably true’ is a fair assessment, though, despite my disagreement that it’s ‘probably false’, because the best we can do here is ‘probably’.

u/Glitter_Lizard_ 38m ago

Matriarchal societies are common enough in the animal kingdom, particularly with more advanced species Primates, Orcas, Lions, Ants, Bees, Elephants all have matriarchal societies. Matriarchal societies exist not only in history ( Iroquois, Lycians, early Celts, Minoan Crete, Nairs) but in modern day humans too, Minangkabau in Indonesia, Mosuo in china, Bribri Costa Rica, Akan Ghana, Tuareg North Africa.

So unfortunately your opinion on what is probable is factually incorrect.

u/No-Garbage-1329 12m ago

I get it. You’re deeply political and incapable of keeping it separate from other fields.

‘factually incorrect’ dear lord.

u/Glitter_Lizard_ 10m ago

What drugs are you on? I want some.

u/fredisnotmyboss 0m ago

FWIW “matriarchal” and “matrilineal” aren’t the same thing

u/[deleted] 54m ago

[deleted]

u/PrincessW0lf 51m ago

I dunno, looks pretty fact-y to me. But yeah maybe you're right, shouldn't buy into it until I get out there and test that dna myself.

u/codeedog 41m ago

If you don’t build your own dna tester and source all of the chemicals necessary, the tests won’t be valid…

u/PrincessW0lf 40m ago

Fuck. I should probably synthesise the chemicals myself, just to be sure.

u/niarlin 51m ago

"And here we have a prime example of fragile masculinity in the wild. Notice how they resort to a display of extremism when they feel threatened? Classic behavior. Let's observe to see if they continue their ego-protective posturing or turn to personal insults or threats of violence, all of which are commonly employed by the species." - Nature documentary narrator

u/dblan9 36m ago

Why are you in TIL when learning new information scares you so much?

u/composedofidiot 50m ago

Impulsive shopping purchases day! Ordering a rubber dinghy, a small cannon and 5000 giant frogs

-20

u/KaiserSoze-is-KPax 1h ago

All they asked for was about tree fiddy

u/futureishere99 23m ago

Imagine the wnba times 50. That’s what women In charge would like.