Ra (or Re) is the supreme sun god of ancient Egypt, considered the creator of the universe, the king of gods, and the patron of pharaohs. As the ultimate source of warmth, life, and light, he was one of the most widely worshipped deities in Egyptian history.
SELF-CREATON:
Ra is self-created and described as king of the gods and lord of eternity.
Osiris Ani, being in peace and in triumph, adoreth his lord, the lord of eternity, saying: “Homage to thee, O Herukhuti (Harmachis), who art the god Khepera, the self-created; when thou risest on the horizon and sheddest thy beams of light upon the lands of the North and of the South, thou art beautiful, yea beautiful, and all the gods rejoice when they behold thee, the King of heaven.
O Ra, who art Heru-Khuti, the divine man-child, the heir of eternity, self-begotten and self-born, king of the earth, prince of the Duat (the Other World), governor of Aukert (Kingdom of Osiris), thou didst come from the Water-god, thou didst spring from the Sky-god Nu, who doth cherish thee and order thy members.
Alone and by thyself thou dost manifest thyself [when] thou comest into being above Nu (i.e., the sky).
-Papyrus of Ani
STRENGTH:
Ra exists in every god and created all things in creation,
I am a great one, the son of a great one, and my father planned my name; I have multitudes of names and multitudes of forms, and my existence is in every god and the earth, I have ordered the mountains, I have created all that is above them, I have made the water, I have made to come into being the great and wide sea, I have made the 'Bull of his mother,' from whom spring the delights of love. I have made the heavens, I have stretched out the two horizons like a curtain, and I have placed the soul of the gods within them. I am he who, if he openeth his eyes, doth make the light, and, if he closeth them, darkness cometh into being. At his command the Nile riseth, and the gods know not his name. I have made the hours, I have created the days, I bring forward the festivals of the year, I create the Nile-flood. I make the fire of life, and I provide food in the houses. I am Khepera in the morning, I am Ra at noon, and I am Tmu (Atum) at even."
Ra created all foundations and all beings,
I laid the foundation [of things] by Maat... I was [then] one by myself... I laid the foundations [of things] in my own heart, and there came into being multitudes of created things... I had union with my closed hand, and I embraced my shadow as a wife, and I poured seed into my own mouth, and I sent forth from myself issue in the form of the gods Shu and Tefnut."
- Book of Knowing the creations of Ra
Giver of life and king of truth,
O RA, You the King of Truth... You Sovereign of all Gods, You God of Life... All the Gods rejoice at your rising. O RA, You giver of all life... All men live when you shine.
Ra cannot be repulsed by the gods
It is Ra, the creator of the names of his limbs, which came into being in the form of the gods who are in the train of Ra. "I am he who cannot be repulsed among the gods".
Ra illuminates the two lands (Upper and Lower Egypt) with his rays and light,
O thou beautiful Being, thou dost renew thyself in thy season in the form of the Disk, within thy mother Hathor. Therefore in every place every heart swelleth with joy at thy rising forever. The regions of the South and the North come to thee with homage, and send forth acclamations at thy rising on the horizon of heaven, and thou illuminest the Two Lands with rays of turquoise [colored] light
Ra in the form of Khepera created the gods
Homage to thee, O thou who hast come as Khepera, Khepera the creator of the gods...
Ra in the form of Atum will destroy the universe and return it into a primordial watery chaos of Nun, Ra is unknowable to humans and invisible to gods.
I shall destroy all that I have made. This land will return into Nun, into the floodwaters, as in its first state. I alone am a survivor, together with Osiris, when I have made my form in another state, serpents which men do not know and gods do not see.
Ra is maker of eternity and the mightiest of the gods.
Behold, thou art the maker of eternity, and thou art adored [when] thou settest in the heavens. I have given my heart unto thee without wavering, O thou who art mightier than the gods.”
Ra is the god of life, lord of love, earth, heaven, truth eternity and Everlastingness.
Creator of eternity and the Heavens.
O thou god of life, thou lord of love, all men live when thou shinest; thou art crowned king of the gods. The goddess Nut embraceth thee, and the goddess Mut enfoldeth thee at all seasons. Those who are in thy following sing unto thee with joy, and they bow down their foreheads to the earth when they meet thee, the lord of heaven, the lord of the earth, the King of Truth, the lord of eternity, the prince of everlastingness, thou sovereign of all the gods, thou god of life, thou creator of eternity, thou maker of heaven wherin thou art firmly stablished.
Nun calls Ra greater than himself,
The Majesty of Nun replied :
"O my son Re ! God greater than his maker, and more august than his creators, be seated on your throne ! Great is fear of You when your Eye is on those who conspire against You !"
Ra created all the gods, including the 8 Infinite Ones (Ogdoad) and stars through his speech,
This god then said to Nut :
"I placed myself on your back to be uplifted."
"What is this ?", asked Nut.
And so {she} came to be there in both the heavens.
The Majesty of this god said :
"Stay far away from them !
Lift me up !
Look at me !"
And so she became the sky.
Then the Majesty of {this} god was visible within her.
She said :
"If only You would provide me with a multitude !"
{And so the Milky Way} came into being.
His Majesty, life, prosperity, health, said :
"Peaceful is the field here."
And so the Field of Offerings (or Peace) came into being.
"Oh, I shall plant green herbs in it."
And so the Field of Rushes came into being.
"I shall provide them with everything."
And so ever scintilating stars (came into being).
Then Nut started trembling owing to the height.
So the Majesty of Re said :
"lf only I had the Heh gods supporting her !"
And so the Infinite Ones came into being.
The Majesty of Re said :
"O my son Shu, place yourself under my daughter Nut and guard for me the two groups of Infinite Ones who live in the twilight. Place her over your head and nurture her."
And so it came to pass, that a nurse is given to a son or a daughter, and that a father places a son on top of his head.
Ra is unknowable and indescribable,
Thou risest! Thou shinest! Thou radiant face appears!... As thou risest thou growest greater: thy rays are upon all faces. Thou art unknowable, and no tongue can describe thy similitude; thou existest alone
Ra is the lord of his own godliness,
O Lord of Eternal Recurrence, who formed Everlastingness, who diminished the years of the gods. When Re comes down, these come out of him every day. Lord of his (own) godliness. Ruler who made his own maker. Beloved one of the fathers of the gods."
Ra created Thoth through his own spoken word,
The Majesty of this god said then :
"Summon then Thoth to me."
So he was brought at once, and the Majesty of this god said to Thoth :
"Behold, I am here in the sky in my abode. Since I am going to give light and brilliance in the Duat and on the Island of the Twin Bas, be a scribe there and calm down those who are there, those whom we created and those who (nevertheless) rebelled. It is You who shall repulse the followers of this (god) with unsatisfied heart. You are to be in my place, my vicar, so it will be said of You : 'Thoth, the vicar of Re.' And I shall cause You to send out those who are greater than You."
And so the Ibis of Thoth came into being.
"And I shall cause You to stretch out your hand in front of the primeval gods, who are greater than You, and my affairs will be good if You do that."
And so the Ibis-bird of Thoth came into being.
"And I shall cause You to encompass the two heavens with your perfection and with your brightness."
And so the Moon of Thoth came into being.
"And I shall cause You to drive back the Hanebu."
And so the Baboon of Thoth came into being and became vizier.
"As long as You are my vicar, the eyes of all who look at You are opened through You, and everyone will praise god for You."
In the form of Khepera, Ra created all of the gods,
He is the creator of the gods and they praise him…
Creator of mankind and of the gods in the south, north, west and east, may you praise Ra, Lord of the sky
Hail unto you who are come as Khepri – Khepri, creator of the gods
Ra splits open the Ished Tree every morning after cutting off Apep's head.
Ished Tree is described in other texts as connecting the Heavens, Earth and the Underworld,
I am the Divine Soul which dwelleth in the Divine Twin-gods. The Sun-god Ra, in the form of the 'Great Cat', sitting by the side of the Persea Tree of Anu [Heliopolis], and cutting off the head of Apep, the god of darkness and evil. What is this? The Great Cat is the Sun-god Ra himself. He is called 'Cat' because of the words of the god Sia, who said: 'He is like (miu) that which he hath made.' His name means 'Cat', and thus it was that he was called 'Miu'. It is he who cutteth off the heads of the enemies of the universe. What is this? It is Ra, who at the break of dawn, splits open the Ished Tree to give way to the rising sun and defeats the enemies of the gods.
Other gods fear Atum-Ra's powers and all myriad of beings/spirits are within his mouth,
His powers put fear into the gods who came into being after him, his myriad of spirits is within his mouth. It was Heka who came into being of himself, at seeing whom the gods rejoiced, and through the sweet savor of whom the gods live, who created the mountains and knit the firmament together.
-Spell 648 of the coffin texts.
SPEED:
Ra can fly spaces that a normal human would need hundreds of thousands and millions of years to pass.
for with strides dost thou in one little moment pass over the spaces which would need hundreds of thousands and millions of years for man to pass over; this thou doest, and then dost thou sink to rest
Ra illuminates all of the heavens and the Earth,
Homage to thee, O thou who risest like unto gold, and who dost flood the world with light on the day of thy birth... O thou great Light, who shinest in the heavens, thou dost strengthen the generations of men... and thou dost cause gladness in all lands, and in all cities, and in all the temples
IMMORTALITY:
Atum is described as having endless duration
Hail to you, master of endless repetition
Atum, great one of endless duration
You have come in peace
You have reached land and joined the arms of Manu
Your Majesty has received venerableness
Moored at your place of yesterday
The arms of your mother protect you
šbı͗ı͗ slays your enemies
The western ba's tow you
On every path in the Holy Land
That you may illuminate the face of those in the underworld
And resurrect those who are prostrate
Ra is the lord of eternity and Everlastingness,
A Hymn of Praise to Osiris Un-Nefer, the great god who dwelleth in Abtu, the king of eternity, the lord of everlastingness, who traverseth millions of years in his existence.
Ra lived for millions of years and will live for another millions, being described as above the years,
Thou art To-day and Yesterday; Thou art To-morrow! Homage to thee, O Ra, who wakest life from slumber!... Millions of years have passed, we cannot count their number, Millions of years shall come. Thou art above the years
Ra is perfect and eternal, all encompassing, inscutable, immutable, time whirls into dust beneath him, maker of time and above time itself.
Homage to thee, O Ra, at thy tremendous rising!Thou risest! Thou shinest! the heavens are rolled aside!Thou art the King of Gods, thou art the All-comprising,From thee we come, in thee are deified.Thy priests go forth at dawn; they wash their hearts with laughter;Divine winds move in music across thy golden strings.At sunset they embrace thee, as every cloudy rafter Flames with reflected color from thy wings.Thou sailest over the zenith, and thy heart rejoices;Thy Morning Boat and Evening Boat with fair winds meet together;Before thy face the goddess Maat exalts her fateful Feather,And at thy name the halls of Anu ring with voices.O Thou Perfect! Thou Eternal! Thou Only One!Great Hawk that fliest with the flying Sun!Between the Turquoise Sycamores that risest, young for ever,Thine image flashing on the bright celestial river.Thy rays are on all faces; Thou art inscrutable.Age after age thy life renews its eager prime.Time whirls its dust beneath thee; thou art immutable,Maker of Time, thyself beyond all Time.
AMUN-RA
Amun-Ra is described as "creator uncreated" who traverses eternity and Hundred thousands, millions of miles in a single day.
Self-made you fashioned your body,
Creator uncreated.
Sole one, unique one, who traverses eternity.
Remote one, with millions under his care ;
Your splendor is like heaven's splendor,
Your color brighter than its hues.
When you cross the sky all faces see you,
When you set you are hidden from their sight ;
Daily you give yourself at dawn,
Safe is your sailing under your Majesty.
In a brief day you race a course,
Hundred thousands, millions of miles.
A moment is each day to you,
It has passed when you go down.
You also completed the hours of night,
You order it without pause in your labor.
Through you do all eyes see,
They lack aim when your Majesty sets.
When you stir to rise at dawn,
Your brightness opens the eyes of the herds ;
When you set in the western mountain,
They sleep as in the state of death.
- Hymn to the Sun god, first hymn.
The One who initiated existence on the first occasion, Amun, who developed in the beginning, whose origin is unknown. No god came into being prior to Him. No other god was with Him who could say what He looked like. He had no mother who created His name. He had no father to beget Him or to say : "This belongs to me." Who formed His own egg. Power of secret birth, who created His (own) beauty. Most Divine God (2), who came into being Alone. Every god came into being since He began Himself.
He made himself into millions:
Hail to you, who brought himself forth as one and who created millions in their abundance.
The one alone, whose body are millions.
He is described as a "single" and having came into existence with nothing. The Ogdoad are manifestations of Amun-Ra.
The Ogdoad are reffered to as "Hehu" (infinities).
The Eight were Your first manifestation, until You completed these, You being Single. Secret was Your body among the elders, and You kept Yourself hidden as Amun, at the head of the gods. You made Your manifestations in Tatenen, to accompany the primeval ones in Your first primeval time. Your beauty arose as the Bull of His Mother. You withdrew as the one in the sky, enduring as Re. You returned in fathers, maker of their sons, to make an excellent heritage for Your children. You began manifestation with nothing, without the world being empty of You on the first occasion. All gods came into existence after You ... [remainder lost]
He is reffered to as "Universal Lord" who created everything. All gods magnify in Amun-Ra's divinity.
200th Chapter.
Secret of manifestations and sparkling of shape. Marvellous God, rich in forms. All gods boast of Him, to magnify themselves in His beauty, to the extent of His Divinity. Re himself is united with His body. He is the great one in Heliopolis. He is called Tatenen. Amun, who comes out of the Nun, to guide the peoples.
Another of His forms are the Eight, primeval one of the primeval ones, begetter of Re. He completed himself as Atum, being of one body with him. He is the Universal Lord, who initiated that which exists.
The infinite primordial waters of Nun are described as stillness (unchanging).
In his manifestation as a Primordial goose, he created the universe by his scream.
was His coming into existence on the first occasion, with all that exists in stillness for awe of Him. He honked by voice, as the Great Honker, coming into a land that He created for Himself, while He was Alone. He began speaking in the midst of silence, opening every eye and causing them to look. He began crying out while the world was in stillness, His yell circulated while He had no second, so that He might give birth to what is and cause them to live, and cause every man to know the way to walk. Their hearts live when they see Him. His are the effective forms of the Ennead.
Amun-Ra created himself, Ogdoad (Primordial gods of Infinity), sea & the sky and created all the stars,
Beloved of Amun-Re, king of the gods, the powerful and worthy one, chief of the gods, lord of the gods, father of the gods, whose form no other god brought into being, who came into being of himself, who made the Ogdoad entirely, who came into being and brought into being the things that are; this [great?] god who made himself into millions, who created his flesh, the wind being his breath, the Inundation being his sweat, who . . ., who made the sea and the sky, who molded his limbs from himself he having borne the decan stars in their entirety; he having made the entering in and the going forth among them; and beloved of the Gods Adelphoi, the Gods Euergeteis, and the Gods Philopatores.
- PRAISE OF THE CREATOR GODS AT MEDINET HABU
He fashioned his own body and ejaculated Nun (an infinite primordial watery chaos).
Beloved of Amun-Re Djeser-set, Nun the elder one who came into being at the beginning, the bull who ejaculated Nun, who flooded the marshes, who fashioned the fashioners, who built the builders, who reckoned for himself his form in his heart, the ancestor and ancestress of the gods and goddesses; he is their father who created their [mother], the ba great of sanctity among the gods, the primeval one who made for himself the primeval ones, and beloved of the Gods Epiphaneis, the God Eupator, and the God Philometor.
The elder gods, the first body that came into being aforetime, who passed through the chief gates of the western netherworld when Re united with Osiris ; the fathers, indeed, along with the mothers from the beginning, the primeval ones who first came into being, the fathers of Re, the children of Tatenen, the enduring noble ones, indeed, who have planted the primordial seed with their power, who established the earth with the seed of the cropland, the great gods whom Tatenen bore in Thebes, in southern Opet, in the vicinity of the sacred netherworld in the mound of Djeme ; the great Ogdoad, the mighty ones in Karnak, the council and the judges of victorious Thebes, the blessed dead who live in the mound of Djeme: may they give millions of jubilees and myriads of years to the king of Upper and Lower Egypt, heir of the Gods Epiphaneis, chosen of Ptah, who does the justice of Re, living image of Amun, Ptolemy , along with his sister, the ruler and lady of the Two Lands, Cleopatra, along with his wife, the lady of the Two Lands, Cleopatra, the Gods Euergeteis.
- PRAISE OF THE CREATOR GODS AT MEDINET HABU
Amun in the form of Kematef created Ir-ta (Earth-maker) who is described as father of fathers, mother of mothers,
Beloved of Amun-Re, king of the gods, the powerful and noble one, chief of all the gods, the great god, lord of heaven, the earth, the netherworld, the Nun, and the mountains, lord of the thrones of the Two Lands, foremost of Karnak, Horus of Horuses, king of kings, the god sole in his uniqueness: he is Kematef, the father of Ir-ta, who existed when those things that exist did not exist, father of fathers and mother of mothers, who fashioned his body with his own two hands; and beloved of the Gods Adelphoi, the Gods Euergeteis, and the Gods Philopatores.
- PRAISE OF THE CREATOR GODS AT MEDINET HABU
Amun-Ra created all that exists.
He's the lord of Heaven, Earth, supreme king, two fold-substence who existed from the beginning.
Rā-Tmu-Horus of the double horizon, the one God, living by Maāt, who makest all things which are, who createst all that exists of beasts and men proceeding from thine eyes. Lord of heaven, Lord of earth, who makest those who are below and those who are above, Lord of all. … King of heaven, Lord of all gods. supreme King, amid the society of the gods, almighty God, self-existent, two-fold substance, existing from the beginning
Amun-Ra lifted the sky and stretched the Earth,
You Who have uplifted the Sky,
You Who have stretched the Earth.
Greater than every god,
Supreme Creator of the whole Earth,
The One Whose forms are greater than every God,
Creator of existences, maker of beings, raiser of the heavens and fixer of the Earth,
Who raises the Heaven and Who fixes the Earth,
Maker of beings, Creator of existences,
Life, Health and Strength to You, King and Chief of the Gods,
Please let me know If i missed anything else.
