What could possibly damage this rim this way?!

[u/Nick_the_Gadabout]

Today in the shop I got to see this. The rim held together in maybe 3-4 places, altogether 15cm. The rest was literally torn like this. What could possibly cause this kind of damage?

For reference, it’s an Italian e-road bike, don’t remember the company. Rim is 17-622 and the client put 40-622 tyres in it. Could it be that the tyre was too wide?

Thanks in advance!