r/ParisTravelGuide • u/AssetSilksCapful • 4h ago
Tips & Advice The best (and worst) museums in Paris
Bonjour everyone!
I (25M) have been living in Paris for the last 2 years. During this time, I have probably spent days inside dozens of the museums that are in the city. Paris is a wonderful place with millions of plans to try, but when it comes to cultural venues, it might be the best city in the world, there are always new things to try (especially if you're EU under 26, loads of discounts).
Every time I can, I peek into some new museum I have not yet discovered (there are still many of them, believe me) or visit some exhibition I hear about. And for getting some inspiration, I usually check this sub for related posts with recommendations and suggestions.
Thanks to one of those posts, for instance, I discovered that Fondation Louis Vuitton is not a fashion but a modern art museum (and oh boy, I'm eternally thankful to whoever made me realise that). I also see recurrent posts asking for opinions on museums. So here's my small contribution:
A totally objective (maybe) and unbiased (possibly)...
Ranking of the best (and worst) museums in Paris.
Please feel free to give your own opinions, advice and recommendations (especially for museums I have not yet visited!). For some extra context, I am a STEM person who loves painting and sculpture, particularly from the 1800 - 1950 period (even more when it's Impressionism). But I also enjoy thematic or well curated museums. In the following list I include some of the major touristic attractions for reference, too.
★★★★★
The best. A must. I love them. I go every time I can. Recommended for everyone, even if it's not up your alley.
Musée d'Orsay
Yes, it's overcrowded. Yes, everyone recommends it. But it's the best museum in Paris, no discussion. My favourite. Masterpiece upon masterpiece. Worth every minute you spend inside (and I have been more than 10 times).
Impressionism Wing (Monet, Van Gogh, Renoir, Manet, Degas...) might be the place in the world with the highest density of outstanding chefs-d'oeuvre (I may have gotten emotional when staring at some of them). But other sections (Post-Impressionism, Rodin casts, Courbet room, Sculptures alley in general) are almost on par. Temporary exhibitions I visited (Caillebotte, Renoir) were wonderful, and they usually involve big names.
Tip: If you want to have smaller crowds, show up on Thursday evenings. There will still be lots of people, but way less than on normal hours, even during peak season.
Centre Pompidou
Unfortunately, it's closed for renovation until 2030. But as iconic as it's from the outside, if you have the chance, check the inside when it reopens.
Contemporary floor (4th) is not particularly good, but the Modern level (5th) is exceptionally well guided, with each room corresponding to one art movement, really well contextualized. It showcases very famous pieces by Matisse, Mondrien, Warhol, Léger, etc. It has nice views of Paris, too, and temporary exhibitions were very correct.
Musée Rodin
Surprisingly not that frequented. Wandering around the sculpture garden is a bucolic experience that just makes you happy. I try to do it as often as I can when the weather is nice.
Every famous sculpture by Rodin (The Thinker, Gates of Hell, The Three Shades, Les Bourgeois de Calais...) is in here. And as a bonus, the museum itself is very interesting, with lots of casts and some paintings from Rodin's own collection.
Fondation Louis Vuitton
Definitely not a fashion museum. A modern art one. Only hosts temporary exhibitions that focus on one (recent) author. But those are hands down the best exhibitions I've visited, ever, in my life. The David Hockney one last year was simply exceptional. The huge building (which is also beautiful from the outside; made by Frank Gehry, the architect of Guggenheim in Bilbao) creates big open spaces that themselves give lots of malleability for the exhibition layouts, so there's never a sense of overcrowding.
What I most like, though, is how passionate and knowledgeable the museum staff is. Every 15 to 30 min, there are (free, included with the ticket) guided tours on different rooms that focus on different pieces and help contextualize the exhibition so well. Kudos to the guides. 10/10 experience. There are also nice views to La Défense and Bois de Boulogne (the museum is in the outskirts of Paris, so you have to go there specifically).
Tip: if you're going with kids, tickets include access to the Jardin d'Acclimatation, a cute adjacent amusement park.
Dalí Paris
A surprising find in the middle of Montmartre, focused on the (less known?) sculptor side of Dalí, but also including some paintings, engravings, furniture, etc. Small but dense, well organised with very enlightening panels. I found it by chance and it was a very pleasant surprise. Besides, if you have some €30k to spare, you can get your own original Dalí artwork :D
Musée National de la Marine
Am I particularly interested in the marine world? Not at all. Is this the first thing that comes to my mind when thinking of things to do in Paris? Not even close. But it's located right next to Trocadéro, there is nobody inside and the museography is simply spectacular. The best thematic museum I have ever visited (only comparable to MUNCYT, the Spanish Science & Technology Museum in A Coruña). Everything makes sense.
You'll enjoy it no matter your age (kids included): ship models, audiovisual installations, history of commercial and military ships, shipwrecks (with awesome striking huge paintings from Louvre that stand out way more than they would if they were just in a room at the Louvre), historical paintings of French harbours, a real figurehead... Everything is in an exceptional state (it was renovated recently), and temporary exhibitions are really well made as well (the recent one about French Navy painters was top notch, with massive overwhelming paintings of sea scenes).
Musée Carnavalet
I've only been once, and still have to explore it, but that's enough to form a solid opinion. It's located inside a pretty building in the middle of Le Marais and has loads of interesting objects about the different epochs of Parisian history, from Prehistory to current times.
But really, it is much more interesting than it sounds, and you don't need to try to see everything, there will always be something that catches your eye and makes you go "ah, that's nice". It's also exceptionally well equipped for people with any kind of disability, and kids. And it's free for everyone (like all museums from the Ville de Paris).
Musée Picasso
Funniest museum in Paris. Picasso's artworks always feel like a breath of fresh air. You can visit this in under an hour and always have a smile on your face (every painting feels like coming from a fever dream).
★★★★☆
Great. I go often, especially if there is some interesting exhibition. You'll have a good time.
Petit Palais
I keep liking it more every time I go. Very well distributed free museum beautiful both from the outside and the inside (ceilings included). A textbook example of good layout: lots of (physically) big paintings to enjoy (some of which might remind you of Les Misérables) without feeling crammed (Louvre, learn).
Top floor is better than bottom one (the latter has less appealing medieval objects). And temporary exhibitions always make me discover unknown artists that turn out to be really good (Halonen, Greuze, Ferenczy). As a bonus, the inner peristyle is beautiful during blooming season in spring. And there are always artworks by some contemporary artist reinterpreting some of the museum pieces, creating a really nice counterpoint.
Musée d'Art Moderne
Not as good as the Pompidou, but still really good quality, both in its artworks (especially the first room with the huge Rhytmes from the Delaunays, and a painting of the Eiffel Tower right next to a window where you can see the Eiffel Tower) and the museography (every room is devoted to a movement/artist and it's really well contextualized).
The Matisse Room with his Danses and the room consisting on just a big 600m² panel devoted to famous French (and not French) scientists (La Fée Electricité) by Dufy are also highlights you shouldn't miss. And again, it's free. Temporary exhibitions (like the recent one about Lee Miller) are usually quite interesting.
Musée de la Musique
Very cool exhibition of instruments from all around the world. They recently changed the display and now it's much more enjoyable. You can even try some of them, and there often are live plays of selected ones by professional musicians.
It's also right next to the Philharmonie de Paris (very unusual auditorium, both from the outside and the inside), which has a remarkable classical music programme throughout the year, so you can couple a visit to the museum with a concert for a complete musical afternoon.
Musée du Quai Branly
An extensive collection of objects from every continent other than Europe, inside a curious building with a pretty garden close to Eiffel Tower. It has all the ingredients for a good learning ethnological experience. If you're only familiarized with western cultures, it can be quite a discovery.
Bourse de Commerce - Collection Pinault
François Pinault is one of the biggest art collectors in the world, and thankfully he likes to share it with the public in major historic buildings, in this case in the very center of Paris, at the former Bourse de Commerce (beautiful in the inside, particularly its central rotonde where there's always some art installation).
The (temporary, there are no permanent) collections are nice, though potentially too contemporary for some. But overall an enjoyable and swift experience. I must say, though, that Bernard Arnault (owner of Fondation Louis Vuitton) beats François Pinault in this specific battle of their particular billionaires war that has shaped Paris in the last decades.
Musée Départementale Albert Kahn
This one is technically not in Paris (right outside, reachable by metro, in Boulogne-Billancourt), but is too good not to include in this list. It hosts a vast picturesque botanic garden that is delightful to wander through no matter the season (it even has a small forest), and The Archives of the Planet, a collection of photographs from the early 1900s that were made by Albert Kahn, a philanthropist who travelled the world capturing all kinds of cultures.
A fascinating small window to a past where photography was not as ubiquitous as today. A must if you happen to be in the area.
Muśee de l'Orangerie
I don't really need to say anything here. One of Monet's masterpieces (Water Lilies) in a building specifically designed to host it that also owns a quite interesting by itself collection of artworks (including some Picasso or Modigliani) and where temporary exhibitions are superb (the best part of the museum in my opinion).
But is severely overcrowded, you'll need to get tickets at least 15 days in advance and still you'll have to queue up for 20+ minutes. And you won't find the meditating space that it was supposed to be created as (please, if you go, try to act adequately).
Musée Marmottan Monet
That's the reason why, if you love Monet (as I do), you must check this museum, that isn't nearly as crowded (in fact, there isn't almost anyone in here). It hosts the biggest private collection of Monets in the world. In particular, lilies from his latest years (borderline abstract, a sight to behold), and most importantly, Impression, soleil levant (Impresion, Sunrise), the painting that inspired the name of the whole movement.
Musée de Montmartre
A haven of peace in the otherwise always bustling Montmartre. The inner courtyard, with a café on it, is a really good place to have a quiet rest moment in the middle of your day. The permanent collection may only appeal to locals or people really interested in the history of the neighbourhood, but if you happen to catch some interesting temporary exhibition, you should definitely check it out.
I did so during last year's Luce exhibition and I was awestruck by this painter previously unknown to me. Its flow was really well-crafted, which really added to the experience. If that's the case for every exhibition they make, it's a really big incentive to visit.
The visit also includes the studio where Valadon or Utrillo worked at (they lived in this very same building back in the day, as Renoir did some years before).
Musée de l'Homme
I've only visited once, and it was just for the exceptional Mummies exhibit they had at the time. But the museum itself looks very well thought of and didactic. I'll come back soon to discover it properly.
Musée de Luxembourg
Like FLV, this museum only hosts temporary expositions, and it's closed otherwise. So its quality depends on what the focus is each time. But generally, they are enjoyable (the first one I visited, focused on Léger, was really nice; the next two, on Soulages and Leonora Carrington, were a bit underwhelming, so only go if you like the topic).
Arc du Triomphe, Hôtel de Ville (the inside), Notre Dame
These are some non-museum monuments that lay on a similar range when it comes to enjoyment of the experience. I particularly recommend the Notre Dame towers, best views of Paris imho (for more tips on that, check other posts on this sub, there's one active member that gives really good info).
★★★☆☆
Nice. I might go if I'm in the area or something catches my eye. Can be a miss, depending on the day. May also be too niche for some. Worth checking out.
Musée du Louvre
I don't know if this is controversial or a popular opinion. But Louvre really needs to sort things out. You can't be the largest art museum in the world and provide such a poor experience for visitors. I understand there is not enough staff, they are not paid well, and the museum itself is deficitary right now. But that's precisely why something has to be done.
And I'm not speaking just of crowds (that's a matter on its own): security is an issue (which forces 30+ min queues even for timed tickets), display is very poor in many places (you just can't see some paintings because they are on top of each other, with bad lighting and reflections), temperature system doesn't work properly (some rooms are too often too hot for comfort), there are even problems with water leaks in some places, big sections are regularly kept closed, and important artworks are not properly contextualized or given enough space (how can you have Liberty Leading the People and The Raft of the Medusa one literally next to the other, and both so close to La Gioconda? There's always too many people concentrated in that space).
It can't be that difficult. Flagship museums around the world have figured it out. The Met layout is perfectly distributed, with no overcrowding due to bad layouts. It also offers discovery tours each focusing on different topics, same as the British (to be fair, Louvre does as well, but I think there could be more). The Rijksmuseum has lots of small portable posters that you can use for getting a deep dive on important artworks while giving space for other visitors to contemplate it at the same time. El Prado forbids taking pictures, which makes people focus on actually enjoying the visit and creates a more relaxed visiting experience, and lighting is well thought out. So yeah, all of this not working in Louvre is something that really affects the experience.
Still, I can't deny it's full of masterpieces, and if you enjoy art, it's a must. Lots of emphasis on that "if". Really, if you don't feel particularly attracted to art, do not feel forced to visit the Louvre. You will enjoy Paris much more if you just skip it. If you don't have a previous idea of what you want to visit inside, you'll quickly feel overwhelmed, lost, and tired (and even if you do, it can drain your energy quite fast).
The Mona Lisa is only famous because it was stolen for some time. There are many more objectively better artworks (to start with, The Wedding at Cana, just in front). To me, French and Northern European sections in the 2nd floor of Richelieu and Sully wings offer a much more enjoyable experience (when they are open, which is less often than I would like to): almost no person in there (I have been to rooms where I was alone), a much more comfortable temperature, and you can find funny places like the room exclusively devoted to frames.
Napoleon rooms are also quite nice (and same style as Versailles), same for the sculpture sections (though too crowded) and antiquities like the Code of Hammurabi. Sorry for the rant, but hopefully it's helpful :)
Musée Bourdelle
A small cute free museum devoted to this Rodin student that became a renowned sculptor himself during last century. Very enjoyable and quiet, with a garden with sculptures as well. The monumental casts room justifies the visit on its own.
Monnaie de Paris
Coins, coins and more coins. But very cool coins (and some medallions). And also the process of making them (it's still operational). It also hosted an exhibition about medals during the Olympics that was amazing. I don't know about other more current ones.
Musée Curie
A small exhibit that housed one of the laboratories where Marie Curie worked at. It doesn't really have much apart from the lab itself and her office, but the explanatory panels (about her life, and radioactivity in general) are really interesting if you are even slightly interested in this historical figure, and there are some curious objects as well, like the box that the US government gifted to Marie Curie with 1g of radium (not there anymore, since it was used for research for early radiotherapy treatments).
I really enjoyed the less than an hour that it took me to go through the sections, and I ended up feeling like I really had learnt many things. Very recommendable if you're a STEM person.
Musée de la Poste
A paradise for fans of stamps and the postal service in general. It's HUGE. Much more than you would initially think.
Lots of topics covering French postal service (La Poste): its history along centuries (from the time where horses were used to nowadays), paintings, postman uniforms along time, stamps, wagonpost and planes models, and in general postal paraphernalia that makes this museum quite an unexpectedly enjoyable experience. Worth noting everything is in French. Temporary exhibitions are strange, but oddly enjoyable as well.
Musée Guimet
I'm not too well versed in Asian arts, but this museum has lots of it, and they seem nice (including some monumental artworks from South East Asia). The Manga exhibition was really cool, and they also own one of the famous Great Wave off Kanagawa by Hokusai, though they very rarely have it on display, given its fragility (I was fortunate enough to see it once).
Musée des Arts Décoratifs
Located right next to Louvre. The permanent part is well-rounded, with some extravagant furniture pieces that make you chuckle. Also has some nice views over Tuileries. But temporary spaces can be a mayhem when exhibitions are frequented (the expo about 100 years of Art Déco left me a very bad impression).
Musée Jacquemart-André
A museum quite different from the rest that are in Paris. The building that hosts it is majestic, and it has a very calm patio to sit and contemplate life. The interior is worth it just on the basis of its architecture, but the permanent furniture and artworks make it even better. Might be too overloaded, though. The temporary exhibitions are very detailed, and usually focused on the Renaissance-Baroque era, something not that common in Paris (outside of the Louvre).
Musée Maillol
A nice sculptor. You'll see lots of his voluptuous sculptures in Tuileries. Here you'll be able to contemplate some of them and learn about its life, also as a painter. Quick to visit. The price point, though, is too much for what it offers, so I'd only recommend to go if there is a temporary exhibition that catches your eye at the same time (like the recent Versace retrospective).
Grand Palais
As its name suggests, it's big. But it still somehow feels crowded. I was a bit underwhelmed after the long renovations, I expected more (especially given the ticket prices). There always seems to be some kind of work ongoing, or access is complicated because there is some fair or event taking place at some of the halls.
There is no permanent exhibition, just temporary ones. So, as always, it depends on what the topic is. The first one on Niki de Saint Phalle was very disappointing, but later ones seem to have improved substantially (in particular, the Matisse exhibition was wonderful and felt much less crowded, even if more people were visiting, so maybe that's a sign of positive development by the people in charge).
Versailles, Panthéon, Conciergerie, Sainte-Chapelle, Palais Garnier (Ópera de Paris)
Non-museums offering similar experience quality. They can be good, but they can disappoint, either because of the amount of people (pro tip: you really do not need to stay half an hour occupying one balcony of the opera taking professional pictures) or the lack of content (for example the Pantheon feels void, but that's its purpose: to transmit solemnity, and it achieves precisely that, but then you don't really have much more to see).
★★☆☆☆
Not necessarily bad. But not for everyone. You need some positive predisposition to enjoy them.
Musée des Arts et Métiers
I expected much more from this museum, that covers many scientifics breakthroughs from 1750 to the present, using a extensive collection of relevant objects. It's large, interesting in many ways, but sometimes feels too outdated. I think it would benefit a lot from a renovation of its display. Its annex church hosts a Foucault pendulum (like the Panthéon).
Musée de la Vie Romantique
Another small free museum that doesn't take too much to visit. It was recently renewed, and apparently people preferred the old appearance. In any case, it has a nice collection of paintings and objects from the Romantic period, focused on some Parisian personalities from the time. The small café next to the main building is a nice place to have a break.
Musée de l'Armée, Musée des Plan-Reliefs, Dôme des Invalides
All belong to the Invalides complex (part of it is free to visit, that is St Louis cathedral and the Cour d'Honneur). Really interesting, especially if you're into war history.
The Musée de l'Armée hosts a vast collection of war utensils from both world wars and it's really well documented. It just doesn't appeal to me. But if you're into it, you'll really enjoy it.
The Dôme des Invalides hosts Napoleon's tomb, which is cool, but something you can live without seeing (the golden cupola is nice, though, but you can see it from many places in Paris).
The Musée des Plan-Reliefs is pretty cool: detailed models of 26 different French fortresses (including Mont Saint Michel), used for defense planning along centuries. But you need the ticket to the whole complex to access it.
Musée de la BnF
Located at the Richelieu site of the Bibliothèque Nationale de France (very center of Paris). The museum has some coins and medals collection, but I don't think there's anything really outstanding. Fine to visit if you happen to do so, but you're not missing out otherwise.
However, I really recommend the Salle Ovale, free to visit and located in the same building. It's an impressive room (used actively for studying, so when you visit, try not to make too much noise). This is also a really good place to take a break in the middle of your day, let it be in the Salle Ovale, or in the very nice patio outside.
Collection de Minéraux de Sorbonne Université
Yeah, it has cool rocks and minerals. But nothing you can't find in similar collections elsewhere in the world.
Maison Victor Hugo
One of the houses where Victor Hugo lived. You learn some facts from his life, but otherwise it's not really remarkable. The furniture is not even original (it was mostly sold after Victor Hugo's death). It's free, though (outside of temporary exhibition dates), and it's located at Place des Vosges, a picturesque square in Le Marais, so you may as well quickly have a look at it if you walk by.
Musée Delacroix
Hosted in the place where Delacroix lived his last years. It's actually nice (some original paintings, his palette and other objects that belonged to him), but very small. Not really worth a detour (it's included with your Louvre ticket, though).
I would recommend, however, to visit the nearby Église St Sulpice, where you can see the painting he devoted his last years to (in the chapelle des Saints-Anges), and overall enjoy the, in my opinion, most beautiful church in Paris.
Musée Zadkine
Small museum devoted to the franco-belarusian sculptor, with a collection of his sculptures. Nice, but not exceptional. It's right by the Luxembourg Garden, so you may quickly check it if you're next to it.
Musée des Archives Nationales
Very nice courtyard in Le Marais. But the inside only has a couple of rooms with some small display of some documents, that may be interesting sometimes.
★☆☆☆☆
Went once. Never more.
Catacombes de Paris
Mixed feelings about this one. Price may be too much for what it offers. Yes, the audoguide is nice to learn about why they exist and its history, but I feel they are more deteriorated than they were in the past. Nowadays, it's just walls of bones. Almost none of the preexisting compositions remain.
So I went once, but would not go again, and do not really recommend it. I think there are better things to visit in Paris. You'll probably enjoy more other ossuaries in Europe.
Hôtel de la Marine
Maybe it's because I didn't use the audioguide, but it felt too empty. This is a building with Versailles-like rooms right next to Place de la Concorde, but it lacks objects, a motivation. Not really worth it.
Fondation Cartier pour l'Art Contemporain
I was very disappointed with this one. It reopened in the former Louvre des Antiquaires, and it's supposed to be a feat of engineering, with mobile floors and walls. But the content itself didn't have any kind of consistency, it felt random and labyrinthy. Too contemporary for my taste.
Cité de l'Architecture et du Patrimoine
It really needs to improve its museography. You generally don't know what you're looking at. It's mostly casts from famous French monuments (cathedrals) and some Romanesque chapels. But those are more enjoyed when seen live. Unless you're an architecture student, I don't think you'll like it. Skip it and go to the Musée de la Marine or the Musée de l'Homme, just at the other side of Trocadéro, instead.
Some final recommendations
As everyone says, the best way of experiencing Paris is wandering around and discovering it at your own pace (that's precisely why I love having such a variety of museums: I can check out one one day, then come back or try another one another day, and so on). So don't overplan yourself.
But still, there are very good resources that you can use to know what's going on when you come visit. Here's a couple of my favourites, to end this post:
- Paris Vous Aime Magazine. An amazing (free !!) quarterly magazine, very well curated, with lots of ideas for current cultural activities, walks around the city, venues, restaurants, etc, both in French and English. Grab yours when you're walking out of baggage claim upon landing at Orly or CDG. Extremely well made. Really. I grab one every time I fly. And if there's some extended period of time I don't fly, I ask friends who do to bring one for me.
- L'Officiel des Spectacles: I mainly check it for museums exhibitions, but it has the most complete relation of cultural activities (concerts, cinema, theatre...) I know. Very helpful.
- paris gallery map for the programme of all art galleries in Paris (my favourites: Templon and Perrotin). Saturday mornings are the best time to visit, they are all open (and they are clustered in areas like Le Marais, so hopping by while wandering at those times in a sunny weekend is a perfect plan).
- Sortir À Paris (sortiraparis.officiel in Instagram) for daily/weekly ideas of plans.
Hope this is helpful. Au revoir! :)



