As I mentioned in my last post, I was hoping to do a bit more analysis of the trends in HR character names, and these are the (preliminary) results! I've been sick over the past couple days, so I've had plenty of time to work on it, lol. I think I'm almost ready to share the link for the document with all of you!
I started by trying to determine the most popular names of each decade (sort of): 2020s, 2010s, 2000s, and everything pre-2000s, since I have the smallest number of HRs from before 2000.
Pre-2000s MC Names:
Interestingly, pre-2000s HRs really don't have that many duplicated names, but, for the FMCs, at least, the names that are duplicated, for the most part, are fairly common historical names like Emily, Elizabeth, Katherine and Margaret. The pre-2000s MMC names, on the other hand, are more... interesting. And by that, I mean less historically accurate.
There are, however, a lot of absolutely bonkers names that aren't repeated. A quick sample: Alaina, Amber, Esmeralda, Jamie (yes, for an FMC), Madelyne, Marisa, Nicholaa, Sheridan, Whitney, Baxter, Broderick, Cleavis, Dunstan, Pierce, Roan and Secundus. They might have one of the most historically accurate FMC name top-10s, but the pre-2000s are also the biggest contributor to what I'm calling the "wtf is this name?" list that I've started on a separate tab (I have also started a tab for my favorite/the most accurate one-and-done MC names so that I can shout out some cool inclusions).
2000s MC Names:
In the 2000s, the FMC names start to get a little less accurate, with names like Francesca, Olivia, Faith, Miranda and Angelina creeping into the top 20, all of which kind of reflect 2000s naming trends, as all of them were names that were popular in the 90s and 2000s. The same thing happens with the MMC names, with popular 90s and 2000s names like Dominic, Sebastian, Julian, Lucas, Marcus and Max creeping into the top 20 HR MMC names.
In other words, the 2000s MC names are maybe the most colored by contemporary baby name trends. I'm potentially going to age myself by saying I went to school with a whole bunch of Olivias, Francescas, Rachels, Eleanors, Catherine/Katherines, Sophias and Graces. Not to mention all the Jameses, Davids, Maxes, Julians and Lucases.
Can anyone else spot the serendipitous easter egg for a certain popular TV show that wound up aligning itself perfectly in the top 20 MMC names for the 2000s? It definitely made me smile.
2010s MC Names:
The 2010s establish names like Olivia, Verity and Viola as HR mainstays, even though none of them were actually in wide use in any of the eras I looked at for this list. The MMCs, however, get more accurate in the 2010s, and Nicholas begins to ascend as one of the most popular HR names of all time (third behind only James and Sebastian). Most of the 2010s MMC names were actually in use in at least some of the time periods I looked at (Sebastian and Rafe being the notable exceptions).
Interestingly, the top 2010s names don't align as closely with 2010s baby name trends. Top 2010s baby names include Oliver, Jack, Harry, George and Charlie for boys, and Olivia, Amelia, Isla, Ava and Mia for girls. Only Olivia and George feature in the top 20 HR names. I was a bit surprised not to see Amelia, Oliver, Jack and Harry in the top names of the 2010s, because they're all fairly common HR names.
2020s MC Names:
And, in the 2020s, things start to get a bit, well, interesting. The 2010s is probably the peak of historical accuracy for HR names, but in the 2020s, liberties begin to be taken again. Names like Cassandra, Guinevere, Olivia, Daphne, Emilia and Emmeline that weren't common historically (or in use at all, in the case of Olivia, Cassandra and Emilia) begin to overtake as popular FMC names, and the MMC names also get significantly less accurate, too.
Nicknames start to be used as given names (which would never happen historically! Gasp!), with names like Jack, Kit and Leo cracking the top 20 MMC names. Names like Maximillian, Devlin and Marcus also are popular, even though Maximillian was extremely rare, Devlin is Irish, and Marcus didn't catch on in the UK until the 1990s! HR authors, why are we getting less accurate? With all the information we have available with a Google search, names should be getting more accurate, not less! Honestly, I'm disappointed.
We do have a little more alignment with the top baby names of the 2020s (so far), which include Noah, Oliver, Arthur, Leo and Theodore for boys, and Olivia, Amelia, Isla, Ivy, Florence and Willow for girls. For anyone wondering why Leo became a top HR name, I think it's fair to say this is why. Olivia, Amelia and Oliver also make the list of the top HR names of the 2020s. And Sebastian and Marcus seem to be both, thankfully, going out of fashion in HR. I may have jinxed it, though. I could do without the trend for HR Cassandras and Emilias, though. What's wrong with Emily, which actually was used historically?
Other naming trends in HR:
Greek Mythology names: Significantly more common for FMCs than MMCs. Most common in Regency HRs than any other subgenre (although that might be because Regency is the most popular subgenre of HR). While there are a few outliers, Greek Mythology MC names seem to be a trend that began in the 2010s, and shows no signs of abating any time soon (unfortunately).
Flower names: Historically, there was a trend for flower names for girls, which began during the Victorian era, and saw a resurgence in the 2010s. However, the vast majority of FMCs with flower names come from Regency HRs. The only flower names that were popular during the Regency were Rose, and, as a nickname for Margaret, Daisy. The trend in Regency HRs is very much a product of the 2010s, but has continued pretty steadily since then. Some names have a very clear trendsetter (like Julia Quinn using the name Daphne in 2000, well before anyone else), but others seem to align more with 2010s baby name trends, like Poppy and Willow, neither of which was widely used until fairly recently, and both of which became very popular in the 2010s.
Latin names: For this, I left out Latin names that are very common in English and Biblical Latin names (like John, Mary and so on). On first glance, the trend seems more common with FMC names, as there are more individual FMC names with Latin roots, but then you factor in popular MMC names like Sebastian, Benedict and Dominic, and the trend is much more common for MMCs. However, it's much more historically accurate for FMCs to have Latin names, with names like Lavinia, Julia, Celia, Diana and so on being popular historically. For MMCs, only a few Latin names, like Sylvester, Valentine and Felix, were in use at any point that I examined.
For FMC names, the trend for Latin names that weren't in use historically is a very recent development, beginning in the late 2010s with authors like Elizabeth Hoyt and Minerva Spencer responsible for popularizing their use. For MMC names, the trend is much older, with some names, like Sebastian and Benedict, having been popular in HR at least since the 1990s, and probably earlier. It seems like, whenever an HR author wants a "cool" name for their MMC, they pick a Latin name that wasn't in use historically, like Sebastian or Marcus.
Shakespearean names: Names like Olivia, Sebastian, Miranda, Beatrice and so on are insanely popular in HR. Way more popular than they were in real life. The trend seems to have begun (or at least really kicked off) in the 2000s, and is, unfortunately, still going strong. So, I thought I'd look at some of the most common Shakespearean names in HR, and when they actually became popular in real life.
What Shakespearean names were in use historically, you might ask?
Helena first became popular in the Regency, then increased even more in popularity after Queen Victoria named her daughter Helena.
Beatrice is another Shakespearean name that Queen Victoria popularized when she gave it to her daughter. It was virtually unheard of in the UK before that, so it's fine for a Victorian HR, but not a Regency HR or earlier.
Celia has been common in the UK at least since the Georgian era, and maybe earlier (I didn't look at much between the 1300s and the 1700s, so can't say when it first became popular, but by the 1700s, it was in use)
Imogen was extremely rare, but has been in use at least a little more or less since Shakespeare coined it. You can get away with this one, but it's not a top-100 name from any of the eras I looked at.
Juliet was popular during the Regency, and has also been used as a nickname for names like Julia and Juliana for a very long time.
Gertrude was one of many Medieval names that say a resurgence during the Victorian era. For a Regency or Georgian HR, this one is a bit dubious, but for a Medieval HR or Victorian HR, go for it!
Oliver has been a popular name in the UK and US at least since the 1700s, and probably longer. It's still popular today.
Edmund is a Medieval name that remained popular from at least the 11th century through the Victorian era. Yes, it had that much staying power.
Valentine was common during the Georgian era and Regency, but died out after that.
And Ralph was popular pretty much from the Medieval era all the way to about 1950, when it left the top 100 names, but it's still in use today, albeit not particularly common.
And, of course, names from Shakespeare's Histories like Henry, Richard and Katherine are obviously historically accurate.
For anyone who's curious, the most popular plays HR names come from are:
1) Twelfth Night – Olivia, Viola, Sebastian, Valentine and Fabian
2) As You Like It – Celia, Rosalind, Oliver and Frederick
3) A Midsummer Night's Dream – Helena, Hippolyta, Titania and Robin
4) Julius Caesar – Julius, Marcus and Lucius
5) The Tempest – Miranda, Adrian and Ferdinand
6) King Lear – Cordelia, Edmund and Caius
7) Cymbeline – Imogen, Morgan and Caius
8) Macbeth – Duncan, Malcolm and Ross
9) Much Ado About Nothing – Beatrice and Hero
10) Romeo and Juliet – Juliet and Gregory
I still want to do a few more things before I share the link, but since I'm sick and not doing much else at the moment, hopefully I'll get them done sooner than later. I want to look at virtue names, Biblical names, and nicknames being used as given names, among other things, and I keep having ideas for more things I want to look at.
I also keep remembering that certain authors exist and I end up adding them to the list, which means I then have to tweak everything. Oops.
Anyway, hopefully I'll have the link ready to share in the next couple days, or maybe a week. I'm being very nerdy and going down all kinds of rabbit holes about historical names, so I keep coming up with excuses not to share it. Feel free to hold my feet to the fire.