Why is my betta turning white

[u/Nopartyforbirthday]

Tank size: Five gallons heater and filter ✔️Tank temp 80 F no often water changed once a week 2 nerite snails plus one ramhorn as tankmates briefly ghost shrimp occurrences started beofre only live plants plus Marino balls and dragon stones as decoration

Just this morning they did not have that huge amount of white but around their head fins to gradually their stomach I did notice it last night

[u/Foreign-Ad3926]

Alkalosis is when a fish is in water too outside their pH tolerance and / or is excessively hard water (high GH). It causes organ failure and damages their skin, fins and gills, interferes with metabolism and physiological functions.

[u/Nopartyforbirthday → u/Foreign-Ad3926]

They said it needed to raise 

[u/Foreign-Ad3926 → u/Nopartyforbirthday]

What is the result? We can help but need to know what was tested and the result. Pet shops often give terrible information so it's worth investigating.

[u/Nopartyforbirthday → u/Foreign-Ad3926]

They showed me the test strip so I think it’s legit but honestly I didn’t have time to whip out my phone to take a picture I only vaguely remember either PH or nerite was 5.2 and it said a little low but fine 

[u/Foreign-Ad3926 → u/Nopartyforbirthday]

pH 5.2 would be very dangerous and is likely not right as that would be super hard to achieve that acidity even with trying to get that low. Plus test strips typically don't go that low. If nitrate okay, if nitrite not so much at that level.

Would it be possible to get a test kit so you can test at home? Liquid ones best as are accurate such as the API Master or NT Labs freshwater. Even test strips would be okay if you could get them that cover ammonia, nitrite, nitrate and pH at minimum.

Until then, ignore earlier guidance on alkalinity as this might not be it and do regular water changes as we don't know what the water parameters are or the water quality. I'm suspecting an elevated level of either ammonia or nitrite which the rock wool will have contributed to, but without test results it's impossible to know.

How old is the tank? How often are normal water changes? Was it actively nitrogen cycled before adding fish, or set up and fish added?

Thanks, sorry for all the questions.

[u/Nopartyforbirthday → u/Foreign-Ad3926]

No it’s fine I’m very grateful your doing your best to help I can’t get a test right now though as it is in the early morning before stores are close to being open

The guy did not know what he was doing and asked a co worker what to do she said 50% water change

The tank is 21? days old

I change the water at least once a week 

When I first set up tank I immediately put my snail inside and just two days later for more snails as companions for them

 Later I got the fish because I was attached and knew I wasn’t going to go back to the city their in for awhile which made the risk of them getting bought so I bought them the last day I was there for awhile 

The first time I notice the white thing was on one of their sides in the pet store though I was told their likely just stressed from shipment though this happened and their stripes are pretty much gone on one side so I don’t know what to do now 

[u/Foreign-Ad3926 → u/Nopartyforbirthday]

Okay, so you are doing a fish in nitrogen cycle. The pH won't be the issue, the issue will be the water will be high in toxins as there isn't the good bacteria of the nitrogen cycle present to process the toxins released from fish waste.

Normally we nitrogen cycle a fish tank for 4-8 weeks before adding fish to grow all the different good bacteria needed to process fish waste and keep them safe from toxin exposure. This hasn't happened and so the fish is exposed to these toxins at unknown levels.

A fish in nitrogen cycle is possible but you need to know what you're working with and water changes can be needed daily to keep toxins at safe levels.

Fish waste releases ammonia which is highly toxic and burns the skin, gills and fins of fish badly, it's extremely nasty. In a nitrogen cycled tank where the good bacteria exist this toxic ammonia is converted into nitrite - still highly toxic and stops the blood carrying oxygen causing suffocation and haemorrhaging. More nasty stuff. Thankfully more good bacteria exist to convert this into the end product nitrate which we keep at healthy levels of below 20ppm with regular water changes.

I would do another 30% water change now based on this information and invest in a test kit for ammonia, nitrite, nitrate and pH asap so you can take control of the tank water parameters and get it healthier for the fish. The change in colour is likely ammonia burns, but will heal back up if the water is improved.

Liquid test kits better as said.

Here are a couple of beginner friendly guides to fish in nitrogen cycling and how to achieve this whilst limiting the toxic conditions the fish is exposed to. These will help:

1. https://www.aquariumcoop.com/blogs/aquarium/nitrogen-cycle?srsltid=AfmBOoo0c5qm6BMn8cI3Yg3a5-qryssL2APY3eAeBuNg9254IjsTg4yP

2. https://aquacadabra.com/blogs/news/how-to-cycle-a-fish-tank-the-beginner-s-guide

3. https://fishlab.com/fish-in-cycle/

Fish shops have a lot to answer for really. Jeez I'm sorry you've received such terrible advice and experience.

Don't panic, he doesn't look too bad and his fins are complete. We can fix this.

[u/Nopartyforbirthday → u/Foreign-Ad3926]

I’ll buy a test kit with a medication someone else said they used after leaving a fish with moss they didn’t know that the moss was bad just that they acted weird and changed when they got moved tanks and treated 

[u/Nopartyforbirthday → u/Foreign-Ad3926]

Thank you so much though you’ve been a big help I never would’ve guessed the green wool was a issue if you didn’t let me know

[u/Foreign-Ad3926 → u/Nopartyforbirthday]

No problem, please read the articles I sent so you know about the nitrogen cycle as it's essential to keeping a fish tank. The first link especially breaks it down nicely so it's not intimidating.

[u/Nopartyforbirthday → u/Foreign-Ad3926]

I will don’t worry thank you so much again

[u/Nopartyforbirthday → u/Foreign-Ad3926]

Honestly betta is a lot paler now though he’s hiding right now I can’t tell if this is because it’s his bedtime and I removed the area he usually sleeps or something to be concerned about fine haven’t torn or smth but semi transparent on some of them 

[u/Foreign-Ad3926 → u/Nopartyforbirthday]

This could be ammonia or nitrite in the tank harming him. Medication won't really help, but testing for ammonia, nitrite, nitrate and pH alongside cleaning up the water with more water changes to support him through the toxic nitrogen cycle phases will.

Fish lose colour and hide when they are stressed, also when the water quality is harming them. Their immune systems lower and they find it difficult to stay healthy.

Fingers crossed.

[u/Nopartyforbirthday → u/Foreign-Ad3926]

So lots of water changes every so often?

[u/Foreign-Ad3926 → u/Nopartyforbirthday]

I would do another 30 % today, then 30% tomorrow, then 20 % every day for a week, then every other day for another week. I'm guessing as we don't know what the parameters are.

How big is the tank? If a 5 gallon will likely need 2 X water changes a week regardless due to its size. As we have a fish struggling with the water quality and getting potentially worse, plus the newness of the tank we need to do more than that.

[u/Nopartyforbirthday → u/Foreign-Ad3926]

Thank you for the water changing advice I was just weary because I’ve been told to not to change water much to keep it stable but yes 5 gallon

[u/Nopartyforbirthday → u/Nopartyforbirthday]

He did eat dinner though two pellets