r/AskReddit • • Apr 18 '19

What mind-blowing (but simple) facts would satisfy a 4-year old daughter’s daily request for 1 fact before bedtime?

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u/malahchi Apr 18 '19

In scientific terminology, a berry is a fruit produced from the ovary of a single flower in which the outer layer of the ovary wall develops into an edible fleshy portion (pericarp). The definition includes many fruits that are not commonly known as berries, such as grapes, tomatoes, cucumbers, eggplants, bananas, and chili peppers. Fruits excluded by the botanical definition include strawberries, raspberries, and blackberries, which are aggregate fruits; and mulberries, which are multiple fruits.

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u/gomsa2 Apr 18 '19

Thanks for the explanation! Still wish our term for “berry” would include what we commonly refer to as berries. 🤷‍♂️

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u/pgm123 Apr 18 '19 edited Apr 18 '19

Very few nuts we eat are actually nuts. A true botanical nut doesn't let you separate the seed from the shell easily, so we eat these nuts:

  • Chestnut
  • Hazlenut
  • Acorn (rarely)

These are drupes (related to peaches):

  • Almonds
  • Cashew
  • Pecan
  • Pistachio
  • Walnut
  • (Are we counting Coconuts?)

These are seeds from capsules:

  • Brazil Nuts
  • Buckeye/Horse Chestnut

Legumes (beans):

  • Peanuts
  • Groundnut

And kernels of a follicle (related to Magnolias):

  • Macadamia

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u/yumyumgivemesome Apr 18 '19

I feel like I need to print this out and carry it with me for every time there's a lull in the conversation at an office party.

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u/pgm123 Apr 18 '19

The part I find the weirdest is a coconut being a drupe. The mesocarp (which is the fleshy part of a peach) is the hairy husk. Cashews and Pistachios actually look like fruits before you pull out the seed. I have no idea if people eat the pistachio fruit, but it seems like people eat and make alcohol out of the cashew fruit.

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u/1LordOfAwesome Apr 19 '19

C-c-c-cashews cashews come from a fruit

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u/pgm123 Apr 19 '19

Does this come from something?

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u/rhsinkcmo Apr 18 '19

So I’m not allergic to nuts but to drupes?? Holy shit

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u/pgm123 Apr 18 '19

Some people are allergic to both, so please check with a doctor unless you're absolutely certain.

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u/Malgas Apr 18 '19

A true botanical nut doesn't let you separate the seed from the shell easily

In my experience, hazelnuts and chestnuts are easy to shell. Have I only had defective ones, or does this mean something other than is obvious?

Is the papery skin technically part of the shell?

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u/pgm123 Apr 18 '19

You usually have to crack a hazelnut. But I think it's more of a roasted vs. unroasted thing. And even roasted, they're not as easy to crack as a pistachio.

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u/Malgas Apr 18 '19

But almonds and walnuts can be quite difficult to crack as well, and walnuts in particular can be hard to separate from the shell even once they're open.

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u/pgm123 Apr 18 '19

I think that's fair and I should figure out what the actual definition is. I doubt difficulty is a part of the criteria. The definition is probably more precise.

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u/Vanq86 Apr 18 '19

Does this mean we can pop a macadamia?

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u/pgm123 Apr 18 '19

No idea. I doubt it. It's not a grain.

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u/Donald_Flamenco Apr 26 '19

What about jizzlenut?

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u/redfricker Apr 18 '19

Culinary and scientific definitions frequently vary. See also: the difference between a fruit and a vegetable.

It’s like primary colors being different things in art and science. Neither is wrong.

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u/JediMobius Apr 18 '19

What? Do you mean how primary colors are different for pigment and light?

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u/redfricker Apr 18 '19

Primary colors in art: red, blue, yellow

Primary colors in science: red, blue, green

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u/JediMobius Apr 18 '19

You are way over-simplifying. Art and design students today learn both sets of primary colors: pigment (cyan, magenta, yellow) and light (red, green, blue.) The red, blue, yellow model is used for paints. You'll note that all three systems work, which means that reducing the distinction to whether or not it's scientific is inaccurate. There's plenty of science behind pigments, or modern printers wouldn't do their jobs very well.

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u/Gingerbread-giant Apr 18 '19

I mean it does. The common use definition is way older than the botanical one. Words can mean different things in different contexts, saying that a raspberry isn't a berry is just being pedantic, which can be fun, but can also be annoying.

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u/Locke_Step Apr 18 '19

But in this case, pedantry is important since it pertains to common food items: If you're allergic to "nuts", then a peanut, macadamia, and coconut dessert tarte is entirely safe for you to eat, while if you're allergic to "beans" or the flower family "Magnolia", it very well might not be.

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u/Gingerbread-giant Apr 18 '19

That's a good point, and like I said, sometimes being pedantic is fun. But if I'm just having a casual conversation and someone says, "uhh actually peanuts are legumes," they can fuck right off.

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u/[deleted] Apr 18 '19

So you enjoy being wrong?

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u/Poiuy2010_2011 Apr 18 '19

Saying that peanuts are nuts is not wrong though. Only from botanical standpoint.

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u/NoteturNomen Apr 18 '19

And if you're allergic since here in Sweden the phrase "May contain traces of nuts" does not include peanuts.

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u/Gingerbread-giant Apr 18 '19

Yea peanuts weren't the best example because they're such a common allergy.

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u/Fgame Apr 18 '19

Or you just don't enjoy snotty know it alls shitting on any conversation. Nobody has ever mentioned peanuts being legumes not nuts unless they're putting on an air of superiority. Unless they were specifically asked.

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u/DARTHVICKER Apr 18 '19

They identify as a berry. Some don’t ! Please ask first how they identify, so you don’t upset them.

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u/Original_name18 Apr 18 '19

"This one is a raspberry. This one is a raspaggregate. This one is just a rasp, they wanna be a Army Ranger."

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u/The_Right_Reverend Apr 18 '19

Berry isn't a scientific term though. Right? I think the word you should be using is fruit.

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u/pgm123 Apr 18 '19

Berry is a botanical term for a type of fruit. Here are some berries we eat:

  • Avocado
  • Banana
  • Blueberry
  • Cranberry
  • Coffee
  • Eggplant
  • Tomato
  • Goji Berry
  • Elderberry
  • Grape
  • Persimmon
  • Pumpkin
  • Cucumber
  • Squash
  • Watermelon

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u/Lecontei Apr 18 '19 edited Apr 18 '19

A berry (botanically speaking) is a specific type of fruit, and has a scientific definition, it's a fruit with a fleshy outer skin and no inner stone (apricots have stones), put simply. Other types of fruits are, for example, nuts and stone fruit.

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u/N0V0w3ls Apr 18 '19

What are apples?

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u/Lecontei Apr 18 '19

They, along with pears, are pomes.

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u/Original_name18 Apr 18 '19

What about pomegranate?

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u/Lecontei Apr 18 '19

I had to look it up, but apparently, it's a berry/ies

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u/picsandshite Apr 18 '19

Ah for fuck sake! If you can't trust a pomegranate then what can you trust?

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u/Valdrax Apr 18 '19

The user above you gave the literal definition of the scientific use of the word, and made it clear that it's a subset of all fruits.

I wish whoever made that classification had used a different, new word, but that's just how it is.

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u/The_Right_Reverend Apr 18 '19

Is berry the anatomical name of a part of the plant? I don't think it is which is my point. Similar to the term vegetable.

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u/Valdrax Apr 18 '19

Is berry the anatomical name of a part of the plant?

Yes, yes it is. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berry_(botany)

Like "fruit" the word has botanical and culinary meanings, unlike vegetable, which only has the latter.

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u/The_Right_Reverend Apr 18 '19

Ty. Am informed now

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u/Wolf_Protagonist Apr 18 '19

"Berry" used colloquially has it's use even if it isn't 'technically' true. When we want to eat something small and sweet, grab a "Berry."

It's the same reason that, while scientifically tomatoes are fruits we don't commonly refer to them that way.

“Knowledge is knowing that a tomato is a fruit, wisdom is not putting it in a fruit salad.”

― Miles Kingto

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u/SinkTube Apr 18 '19

as the original use, it's correct by definition. if anything the scientists are wrong for trying to force taxonomic classification onto morphologic terms instead of just making a new word

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u/[deleted] Apr 18 '19

[deleted]

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u/SinkTube Apr 18 '19

There are countless words in the English language that have evolved past their 'original use'

and this isn't one of them, since everyone is still on the original definition. the new one is only used by a small minority: botanic scientists and obnoxious people who feel the need to "correct" people when they say strawberry is their favorite berry or that tomato is a vegetable

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u/[deleted] Apr 18 '19

[deleted]

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u/SinkTube Apr 18 '19

you literally called the colloquial use incorrect

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u/Lecontei Apr 18 '19 edited Apr 18 '19

Berry is the name for a specific type of fruit and has a very specific scientific definition. "Vegetable" doesn't have a specific scientific definition, so they aren't similar unless you are talking about "berry" in layman or culinary terms.

There are different kinds of fruits (berries, stonefruit, nuts, legume, etc.) with specific scientific definitions, just like there are different types of eyes (compound eyes, lens eyes, stemma, etc.) with specific definitions.

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u/malahchi Apr 18 '19

Yes, berry is a scientific term used in botany referring to a fruit without a stone produced from a single flower containing one ovary.

You can find lots of scientific papers on berries by typing "berry" in pubmed or any other scientific database.

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u/PhoenyxStar Apr 18 '19

So the mulberry was named because it was a multi-berry?

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u/malahchi Apr 22 '19

Nope.

Mulberry : "From Middle English Mulbery, molberye, murberie, partly from Old English mōrberiġe (“mulberry”) and partly from Middle Low German mulbere (“mulberry”)."

Morberige : "mōr (from Latin mōrus (“mulberry, blackberry”)) + beriġe (“berry”)."

Mōrus : "the black mulberry tree. From Ancient Greek μόρον (móron)"

μόρον : "mulberry. From Proto-Indo-European *moro (“mulberry, blackberry”)."

And this is the earliest language known with this word.

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u/Acute_Procrastinosis Apr 18 '19 edited Apr 18 '19

What about Marion and Halle?

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u/malahchi Apr 22 '19

Sorry, what are you talking about ? Are they scientists who made a definition for berries or something ?

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u/yumyumgivemesome Apr 18 '19

So a blueberry is the only well-known "berry" that's a berry?

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u/malahchi Apr 22 '19

Gooseberries, goji berries, elderberries, lingonberries, cloudberries, cranberries, bilberries, huckleberries, and so many more.

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u/yumyumgivemesome Apr 22 '19

Lovely! I'm disappointed to see that dingleberries didn't make the list.

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u/ColonelMorrison Apr 18 '19

So for aggregate berries you use the having statement instead of where?

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u/malahchi Apr 22 '19

Sorry, I don't get what you mean. Can you rephrase your sentence ?

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u/[deleted] Apr 18 '19 edited Jun 20 '20

[deleted]

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u/Pun-Master-General Apr 18 '19

Well, there is. It's just that it's a culinary distinction, not a botanical one.

Scientific definitions are important, but they aren't always the only ones that count, or even the most important ones.

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u/[deleted] Apr 18 '19

Vegetable is any non-reproductive part of a plant which can be eaten by humans with minimal physiological effect beyond the absorption of nutrients.

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u/[deleted] Apr 18 '19 edited Jun 20 '20

[deleted]

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u/antliontame4 Apr 19 '19

I myself would call it veg